<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Davie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. Vandrevala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Dampf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y. Deng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. K. George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. D. Sylvester</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. Korter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. Einarsson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. B. Benedict</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. G. Markelz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phonon Kinetics of Fructose at the Melting Transition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Phys. Chem. C</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">125</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12269-12276</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) is used to measure the melting kinetics of fructose molecular crystals. Combining single-crystal anisotropy measurements with density functional calculations, we assign the phonon frequencies and interrogate how specific phonons behave with melting. While nearly all the low-frequency phonons continuously red-shift with heating and melting, the lowest-energy phonon polarized along the c-axis blue-shifts at the melting temperature, suggesting an initial structural change immediately before melting. We find that the kinetics follow a 3D growth model with large activation energies, consistent with previous differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The large activation energies indicate that multiple H-bonds must break collectively for the transition. The results suggest the generality of the kinetics for molecular crystals and that THz TDS with picosecond resolution could be used to measure ultrafast kinetics.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12269</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davie, Alex</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandrevala, Farah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Yanting</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sylvester, Eric D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korter, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Einarsson, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedict, Jason B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blue Shift of a Molecular Crystal Phonon at the Solid to Liquid Phase Transition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulletin of the American Physical Society</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LaFave, T. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McNee, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tekavec, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlov, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunemann, P.</style></author></authors><subsidiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spie,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys Buffalo N. Y. U. S. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microtech Instruments, Eugene O. R. U. S. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bae Syst, P. O. B. Nashua N. H. U. S. A.</style></author></subsidiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tunable Compact Narrow Band THz Sources for Frequency Domain THz Anisotropic Spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conference on Next-Generation Spectroscopic Technologies XII</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of SPIE</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anisotropy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomolecules</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">femtosecond</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">optical rectification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">orientation patterned gallium phosphide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THz generation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr 15-17</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baltimore, MD</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10983</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-5106-2632-4</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We demonstrate frequency domain THz anisotropy signature detection for protein crystal models using newly developed compact tunable narrow band THz sources based on Orientation Patterned Gallium Phosphide for turn-key spectroscopic systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000484438200016</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BN5PJ&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 17&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2014, NAT COMMUN, V5, DOI 10.1038/ncomms4076&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JY, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V90, DOI 10.1063/1.2748852&lt;br/&gt;     Jepsen PU, 2011, LASER PHOTONICS REV, V5, P124, DOI 10.1002/lpor.201000011&lt;br/&gt;     Lee Y. 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Mcnee, Ian Tekavec, Patrick Kozlov, Vladimir Schunemann, Peter&lt;br/&gt;LaFave, Tim/0000-0003-2925-8657&lt;br/&gt;NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCESUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R41GM125486] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER; NIGMS NIH HHSUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R41 GM125486] Funding Source: Medline&lt;br/&gt;0277-786x&lt;br/&gt;1098311</style></notes><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BELLINGHAM</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></custom2><orig-pub><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Next-generation spectroscopic technologies xii</style></orig-pub><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, DK (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luck, C. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romo, T. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grossfield, A. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandara, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ren, Z.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, X. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Increase in Dynamical Collectivity and Directionality of Orange Carotenoid Protein in the Photo-Protective State</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophys. J.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">114</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">522A-522A</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meeting Abstract</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000430563200362</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: GD5RB&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 1&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 0&lt;br/&gt;Deng, Yanting Luck, Catherine H. Romo, Tod D. Grossfield, Alan M. Bandara, Sepalika Ren, Zhong Yang, Xiaojing Markelz, Andrea G.&lt;br/&gt;62nd Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society&lt;br/&gt;Feb 17-21, 2018&lt;br/&gt;San Francisco, CA&lt;br/&gt;Biophys Soc&lt;br/&gt;1&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;7&lt;br/&gt;Cell press&lt;br/&gt;Cambridge&lt;br/&gt;1542-0086</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Deng, Yanting|Luck, Catherine H.|Markelz, Andrea G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY USA. [Romo, Tod D.|Grossfield, Alan M.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem &amp; Biophys, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Bandara, Sepalika|Ren, Zhong|Yang, Xiaojing] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhillon, S. 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G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krozer, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shams, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fice, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renaud, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeds, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stohr, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naftaly, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridler, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cunningham, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnston, M. B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The 2017 terahertz science and technology roadmap</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ex-vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">generation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metal wave-guides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">near-field</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photoconductive emitters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quantum-cascade lasers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semiconductors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time-domain spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0022-3727</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Science and technologies based on terahertz frequency electromagnetic radiation (100 GHz-30 THz) have developed rapidly over the last 30 years. For most of the 20th Century, terahertz radiation, then referred to as sub-millimeter wave or far-infrared radiation, was mainly utilized by astronomers and some spectroscopists. Following the development of laser based terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in the 1980s and 1990s the field of THz science and technology expanded rapidly, to the extent that it now touches many areas from fundamental science to &#039;real world&#039; applications. For example THz radiation is being used to optimize materials for new solar cells, and may also be a key technology for the next generation of airport security scanners. While the field was emerging it was possible to keep track of all new developments, however now the field has grown so much that it is increasingly difficult to follow the diverse range of new discoveries and applications that are appearing. At this point in time, when the field of THz science and technology is moving from an emerging to a more established and interdisciplinary field, it is apt to present a roadmap to help identify the breadth and future directions of the field. The aim of this roadmap is to present a snapshot of the present state of THz science and technology in 2017, and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds. To be able to achieve this aim, we have invited a group of international experts to write 18 sections that cover most of the key areas of THz science and technology. We hope that The 2017 Roadmap on THz science and technology will prove to be a useful resource by providing a wide ranging introduction to the capabilities of THz radiation for those outside or just entering the field as well as providing perspective and breadth for those who are well established. 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S. Vitiello, M. S. Linfield, E. H. Davies, A. G. Hoffmann, Matthias C. Booske, John Paoloni, Claudio Gensch, M. Weightman, P. Williams, G. P. Castro-Camus, E. Cumming, D. R. S. Simoens, F. Escorcia-Carranza, I. Grant, J. Lucyszyn, Stepan Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto Konishi, Kuniaki Koch, Martin Schmuttenmaer, Charles A. Cocker, Tyler L. Huber, Rupert Markelz, A. G. Taylor, Z. D. Wallace, Vincent P. Zeitler, J. Axel Sibik, Juraj Korter, Timothy M. Ellison, B. Rea, S. Goldsmith, P. Cooper, Ken B. Appleby, Roger Pardo, D. Huggard, P. G. Krozer, V. Shams, Haymen Fice, Martyn Renaud, Cyril Seeds, Alwyn Stoehr, Andreas Naftaly, Mira Ridler, Nick Clarke, Roland Cunningham, John E. Johnston, Michael B.&lt;br/&gt;Huggard, Peter/U-2150-2019; Konishi, Kuniaki/AAN-3624-2020; Zeitler, J. Axel/B-4885-2008; Paoloni, Claudio/AAH-9824-2019; Hoffmann, Matthias C./N-1082-2019; Wallace, Vincent P/A-9320-2012; Johnston, Michael/B-9813-2008; Castro-Camus, Enrique/V-6861-2019; Krozer, Viktor/P-5623-2014; Hoffmann, Matthias C/B-3893-2009; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/AAA-3211-2020; Gonokami, Makoto/F-3641-2012; Shams, Haymen/H-3754-2012; Ridler, Nick/AAN-9637-2020; Huber, Rupert/N-4126-2018&lt;br/&gt;Konishi, Kuniaki/0000-0003-2389-9787; Zeitler, J. Axel/0000-0002-4958-0582; Hoffmann, Matthias C./0000-0002-3596-9853; Wallace, Vincent P/0000-0003-3814-5400; Johnston, Michael/0000-0002-0301-8033; Krozer, Viktor/0000-0002-2387-1947; Hoffmann, Matthias C/0000-0002-3596-9853; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/0000-0002-0265-0862; Shams, Haymen/0000-0002-5333-6478; Huber, Rupert/0000-0001-6617-9283; Davies, Alexander/0000-0002-1987-4846; Seeds, Alwyn/0000-0002-5228-627X; Castro-Camus, Enrique/0000-0002-8218-9155; Cunningham, John/0000-0002-1805-9743; Naftaly, Mira/0000-0002-0671-822X; Cumming, David/0000-0002-7838-8362&lt;br/&gt;Engineering and Physical Sciences Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Engineering &amp; Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P015883/1, EP/M00306X/1, EP/K023349/1, EP/M017095/1, EP/L026597/1, EP/J017671/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Natural Environment Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)NERC Natural Environment Research Council [NER/Z/S/2003/00642, NE/L012375/1, NER/Z/S/2000/01292] Funding Source: researchfish; Science and Technology Facilities CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Science &amp; Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/P002056/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Direct For Biological SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Biological InfrastructureNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Molecular and Cellular BioscienceNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1616529] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;566&lt;br/&gt;30&lt;br/&gt;462&lt;br/&gt;Iop publishing ltd&lt;br/&gt;Bristol&lt;br/&gt;1361-6463</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">043001</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Dhillon, S. S.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ,CNRS,Lab Pierre Aigrain, Sorbonne Paris Cite,Ecole Normale Super,PSL Res U, F-75231 Paris, France. [Vitiello, M. S.] CNR, Ist Nanosci, NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Vitiello, M. S.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Linfield, E. H.|Davies, A. G.|Cunningham, John E.] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Hoffmann, Matthias C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Booske, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect &amp; Comp Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Paoloni, Claudio] Univ Lancaster, Dept Engn, Lancaster, England. [Gensch, M.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Radiat Phys, Bautzner Landstr 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. [Weightman, P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Williams, G. P.] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave Suite 21, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Castro-Camus, E.] Ctr Invest Opt AC, Loma Bosque 115, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. [Cumming, D. R. S.|Escorcia-Carranza, I.|Grant, J.] Glasgow, Sch Engn, Microsyst Technol Grp, Glasgow G12 8LT, Lanark, Scotland. [Simoens, F.] CEA Leti MINATEC, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Lucyszyn, Stepan] Imperial Coll London, Dept EEE, Ctr Terahertz Sci &amp; Engn, London, England. [Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto|Konishi, Kuniaki] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Fac Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Energy Sci Inst, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Cocker, Tyler L.|Huber, Rupert] Univ Regensburg, Inst Expt &amp; Angew Phys, Univ Str 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Markelz, A. G.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14620 USA. [Taylor, Z. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Wallace, Vincent P.] Univ Western Australia M013, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Zeitler, J. Axel|Sibik, Juraj] Magnet Resonance Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn, JJ Thompson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Korter, Timothy M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, 1-014 CST,111 Coll Pl, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Ellison, B.|Rea, S.|Pardo, D.|Huggard, P. G.] RAL Space, STFC, Millimetre Wave Technol Grp, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Goldsmith, P.] Jet Prop Lab, M-S 180-703,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Cooper, Ken B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Appleby, Roger] Innovasec Ltd, 212b West Malvern Rd, Malvern WR14 4BA, Worcs, England. [Krozer, V.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt Main, Goethe Leibniz Terahertz Ctr, D-60323 Frankfurt, Germany. [Shams, Haymen|Fice, Martyn|Renaud, Cyril|Seeds, Alwyn] UCL, Dept Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England. [Stoehr, Andreas] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Engn, Dept Optoelect, Lotharstr 55, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Naftaly, Mira|Ridler, Nick] Natl Phys Lab, Div Time Quantum &amp; Electromagnet, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. [Clarke, Roland] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Johnston, Michael B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;Cunningham, JE (corresponding author), Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.|Johnston, MB (corresponding author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;enrique@cio.mx|david.cumming.2@glasgow.ac.uk|J.E.Cunningham@leeds.ac.uk|michael.johnston@physics.ox.ac.uk</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blankenship, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Picosecond Structural Dynamics of Orange Carotenoid Protein in Photo/Chemical Activated Signaling States</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS 2017 S4.002</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2017.MAR.S4.2</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, M. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, H. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blankenship, R. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orange Carotenoid Protein Picosecond Dynamics Changes with Photo and Chemical Activation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophys. J.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">441A-441A</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meeting Abstract</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000402375700177</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: EW3DS&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 3&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     King JD, 2014, FEBS LETT, V588, P4561, DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.10.024&lt;br/&gt;     Wilson A, 2006, PLANT CELL, V18, P992, DOI 10.1105/tpc.105.040121&lt;br/&gt;     Wilson A, 2008, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V105, P12075, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0804636105&lt;br/&gt;Deng, Yanting Xu, Mengyang Liu, Haijun Blankenship, Robert E. Markelz, Andrea G.&lt;br/&gt;58th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society&lt;br/&gt;Feb 15-19, 2014&lt;br/&gt;San Francisco, CA&lt;br/&gt;Biophys Soc&lt;br/&gt;Liu, Haijun/0000-0003-0537-0302&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;14&lt;br/&gt;Cell press&lt;br/&gt;Cambridge&lt;br/&gt;1542-0086&lt;br/&gt;1</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Deng, Yanting|Xu, Mengyang|Markelz, Andrea G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY USA. [Liu, Haijun|Blankenship, Robert E.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Liu, Haijun|Blankenship, Robert E.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myles, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blankenship, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature dependence of phonons in photosynthesis proteins</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS 2017 S4.003</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2017.MAR.S4.3</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singh, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bae, C. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modulated orientation-sensitive terahertz spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photonics Research</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photonics Res.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photonics Res.Photonics Res.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">absorption-spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">enzyme catalysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">low-frequency modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lysozyme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neutron-scattering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">perspective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polarization modulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A1-A8</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2327-9125</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Intramolecular vibrations of large macromolecules reside in the terahertz range. In particular, protein vibrations are closely spaced in frequency, resulting in a nearly continuous vibrational density of states. This density of vibrations interferes with the identification of specific absorption lines and their subsequent association with specific functional motions. This challenge is compounded with the absorption being dominated by the solvent and local relaxational motions. A strategy for removing the isotropic relaxational loss and isolating specific vibrations is to use aligned samples and polarization-sensitive measurements. Here, we demonstrate a technique to rapidly attain the anisotropic resonant absorbance using terahertz time domain spectroscopy and a spinning sample. The technique, modulated orientation-sensitive terahertz spectroscopy (MOSTS), has a nonzero signal only for anisotropic samples, as demonstrated by a comparison between a silicon wafer and a wire grid polarizer. For sucrose and oxalic acid molecular crystals, the MOSTS response is in agreement with modeled results for the intermolecular vibrations. Further, we demonstrate that, even in the presence of a large relaxational background, MOSTS isolates underlying vibrational resonances. 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A. Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/J-9882-2014&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705&lt;br/&gt;National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) [DBI2959989]; University at Buffalo (UB) [1126960-1-68255]; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)United States Department of Energy (DOE)Los Alamos National Laboratory [1125895-1-71842]; Direct For Biological SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Biological InfrastructureNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;National Science Foundation (NSF) (DBI2959989); University at Buffalo (UB) (Holm Fund 1126960-1-68255); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) (Molecular Crystal Studies 1125895-1-71842).&lt;br/&gt;6&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;26&lt;br/&gt;Optical soc amer&lt;br/&gt;Washington</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Singh, Rohit] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [George, Deepu Koshy] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Bae, Chejin] Univ Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Niessen, K. A.|Markelz, A. G.] Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;amarkelz@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acbas, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betz, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elezzabi, A. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Song, J. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsen, K. T.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measuring phonons in protein crystals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrafast Phenomena and Nanophotonics Xvii</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of SPIE</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">correlated motions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mode</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular crystals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular vibrations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">normal modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phonons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">protein dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellingham</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8623</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-0-8194-9392-7</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Using Terahertz near field microscopy we find orientation dependent narrow band absorption features for lysozyme crystals. Here we discuss identification of protein collective modes associated with the observed features. Using normal mode calculations we find good agreement with several of the measured features, suggesting that the modes arise from internal molecular motions and not crystal phonons. Such internal modes have been associated with protein function.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000322829300003</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BGG42&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 5&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Bahar I, 2005, CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL, V15, P586, DOI 10.1016/j.sbi.2005.08.007&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS B, 1985, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V82, P4995, DOI 10.1073/pnas.82.15.4995&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1983, J COMPUT CHEM, V4, P187, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540040211&lt;br/&gt;     Karplus M, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P6679, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408930102&lt;br/&gt;     Planken PCM, 2011, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V32, P975, DOI 10.1007/s10762-011-9824-3&lt;br/&gt;Acbas, Gheorghe Niessen, Katherine A. George, Deepu K. Snell, Edward Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena and Nanophotonics XVII&lt;br/&gt;Feb 03-06, 2013&lt;br/&gt;San Francisco, CA&lt;br/&gt;SPIE, Femtolasers Inc&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/G-2055-2018; George, Deepu/J-9882-2014&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/0000-0001-8714-3191; George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;National Science Foundation MRI2 [DBI2959989]&lt;br/&gt;We thank the National Science Foundation MRI2 grant DBI2959989 for support.&lt;br/&gt;1000 20th st, po box 10, bellingham, wa 98227-0010 usa&lt;br/&gt;0277-786x&lt;br/&gt;862305</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Acbas, Gheorghe|Niessen, Katherine A.|George, Deepu K.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Snell, Edward] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Struct Biol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Acbas, G (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, Deepu K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, Joseph R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">He, Yunfen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumauchi, Masato</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, Robert R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoff, Wouter D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photoactive yellow protein terahertz response: hydration, heating and intermediate states</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">288-294</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2156-342X</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singh, Rohit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, Deepu Koshy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedict, Jason B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korter, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Improved mode assignment for molecular crystals through anisotropic terahertz spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Journal of Physical Chemistry A</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">116</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10359-10364</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1089-5639</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguilar, R. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stier, A. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilbro, L. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bansal, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oh, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armitage, N. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Response and Colossal Kerr Rotation from the Surface States of the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys. Rev. Lett.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bi2te3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-9007</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We report the THz response of thin films of the topological insulator Bi2Se3. At low frequencies, transport is essentially thickness independent showing the dominant contribution of the surface electrons. Despite their extended exposure to ambient conditions, these surfaces exhibit robust properties including narrow, almost thickness-independent Drude peaks, and an unprecedentedly large polarization rotation of linearly polarized light reflected in an applied magnetic field. This Kerr rotation can be as large as 65 degrees and can be explained by a cyclotron resonance effect of the surface states.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000300576000025</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 896NY&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 164&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 35&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Akhmerov AR, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V102, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.216404&lt;br/&gt;     Alpichshev Z, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V104, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.016401&lt;br/&gt;     Analytis JG, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.205407&lt;br/&gt;     Bansal N., ARXIV11045709&lt;br/&gt;     Benia HM, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.177602&lt;br/&gt;     Bianchi M, 2010, NAT COMMUN, V1, DOI 10.1038/ncomms1131&lt;br/&gt;     Butch NP, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.241301&lt;br/&gt;     Chen J, 2011, PHYS REV B, V83, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.241304&lt;br/&gt;     Chen YL, 2009, SCIENCE, V325, P178, DOI 10.1126/science.1173034&lt;br/&gt;     Essin AM, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V102, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.146805&lt;br/&gt;     Eto K, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.195309&lt;br/&gt;     Fu L, 2007, PHYS REV B, V76, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.045302&lt;br/&gt;     Fu L, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V100, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096407&lt;br/&gt;     Hsieh D, 2008, NATURE, V452, P970, DOI 10.1038/nature06843&lt;br/&gt;     Hsieh D, 2009, NATURE, V460, P1101, DOI 10.1038/nature08234&lt;br/&gt;     Jenkins GS, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.125120&lt;br/&gt;     King PDC, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.096802&lt;br/&gt;     LaForge AD, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.125120&lt;br/&gt;     Lan YP, 2011, PHYS REV B, V83, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.205109&lt;br/&gt;     Maciejko J, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V105, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.166803&lt;br/&gt;     Moore JE, 2007, PHYS REV B, V75, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.121306&lt;br/&gt;     Qi XL, 2008, PHYS REV B, V78, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.195424&lt;br/&gt;     Qu DX, 2010, SCIENCE, V329, P821, DOI 10.1126/science.1189792&lt;br/&gt;     Roushan P, 2009, NATURE, V460, P1106, DOI 10.1038/nature08308&lt;br/&gt;     Roy R, 2009, PHYS REV B, V79, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.195322&lt;br/&gt;     Steinberg H, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.233101&lt;br/&gt;     Sushkov AB, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.125110&lt;br/&gt;     THOULESS DJ, 1982, PHYS REV LETT, V49, P405, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.405&lt;br/&gt;     Tkachov G, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.035405&lt;br/&gt;     Tse WK, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.161104&lt;br/&gt;     Tse WK, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V105, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.057401&lt;br/&gt;     VONKLITZING K, 1980, PHYS REV LETT, V45, P494, DOI 10.1103/physrevlett.45.494&lt;br/&gt;     Xia Y, 2009, NAT PHYS, V5, P398, DOI 10.1038/NPHYS1274&lt;br/&gt;     Xiong J., PHYSICA A E IN PRESS&lt;br/&gt;     Zhang XA, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.245107&lt;br/&gt;Aguilar, R. Valdes Stier, A. V. Liu, W. Bilbro, L. S. George, D. K. Bansal, N. Wu, L. Cerne, J. Markelz, A. G. Oh, S. Armitage, N. P.&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/J-9882-2014; Aguilar, Rolando Valdes/A-6637-2012; Liu, Wei/H-5999-2012; Wu, Liang/C-8715-2015&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705; Aguilar, Rolando Valdes/0000-0002-4321-4792; Wu, Liang/0000-0003-1696-7809; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;&quot;Institute for Quantum Matter&quot; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER46544]; Gordon and Betty Moore FoundationGordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [MRI-R2 0959989, DMR-1006078, DMR-0845464]; IAMDN of Rutgers University; ONROffice of Naval Research [N000140910749]; Division Of Materials ResearchNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Mathematical &amp; Physical Sciences (MPS) [0845464] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;The authors would like to thank H. D. Drew, J. Hancock, Z. Hao, G. S. Jenkins, A. Kuzmenko, A. MacDonald, N. A. Mecholsky, A. J. Pearson, O. Tchernyshyov, W-K. Tse, and Y. Wan for helpful discussions and/or correspondences. Support for the measurements at JHU was provided under the auspices of the &quot;Institute for Quantum Matter&quot; DOE DE-FG02-08ER46544 and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The work at UB was supported by NSF MRI-R2 0959989 and NSF DMR-1006078. The work at Rutgers was supported by IAMDN of Rutgers University, NSF DMR-0845464 and ONR N000140910749.&lt;br/&gt;166&lt;br/&gt;3&lt;br/&gt;157&lt;br/&gt;Amer physical soc&lt;br/&gt;College pk</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">087403</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Aguilar, R. Valdes|Stier, A. V.|Liu, W.|Bilbro, L. S.|Wu, L.|Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Aguilar, R. Valdes|Stier, A. V.|Liu, W.|Bilbro, L. S.|Wu, L.|Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stier, A. V.|George, D. K.|Cerne, J.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Bansal, N.|Oh, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Aguilar, RV (corresponding author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.&lt;br/&gt;rvaldes@pha.jhu.edu|npa@pha.jhu.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Song, J. W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kabir, N. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kawano, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishibashi, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aizin, G. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mourokh, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reno, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bird, J. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz response of quantum point contacts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Physics LettersApplied Physics LettersApplied Physics Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">detector</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">devices</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">field-effect transistors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plasma-waves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resonant detection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">subterahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transport</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0003-6951</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We measure a clear terahertz response in the low-temperature conductance of a quantum point contact at 1.4 and 2.5 THz. We show that this photoresponse does not arise from a heating effect, but that it is instead excellently described by a classical model of terahertz-induced gate-voltage rectification. This effect is distinct from the rectification mechanisms that have been studied previously, being determined by the phase-dependent interference of the source drain and gate voltage modulations induced by the terahertz field. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000256527900083</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 310KL&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 25&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 21&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Aizin GR, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V91, DOI 10.1063/1.2800369&lt;br/&gt;     ARNONE DD, 1995, APPL PHYS LETT, V66, P3149, DOI 10.1063/1.113705&lt;br/&gt;     FENG SC, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P5354, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.48.5354&lt;br/&gt;     Hashiba H, 2004, APPL PHYS LETT, V85, P6036, DOI 10.1063/1.1834716&lt;br/&gt;     HU Q, 1993, APPL PHYS LETT, V62, P837, DOI 10.1063/1.108567&lt;br/&gt;     Hu Q, 1996, SEMICOND SCI TECH, V11, P1888, DOI 10.1088/0268-1242/11/12/021&lt;br/&gt;     JANSSEN TJBM, 1994, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V6, pL163, DOI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/13/002&lt;br/&gt;     Kabir NA, 2006, APPL PHYS LETT, V89, DOI 10.1063/1.2357605&lt;br/&gt;     KARADI C, 1994, J OPT SOC AM B, V11, P2566, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.11.002566&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P4637, DOI 10.1063/1.1525851&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P3433, DOI 10.1063/1.1473685&lt;br/&gt;     Lee M, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V86, DOI 10.1063/1.1851606&lt;br/&gt;     MITTLEMAN D, 2002, SPRINGER SERIES OPTI&lt;br/&gt;     Peralta XG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1627, DOI 10.1063/1.1497433&lt;br/&gt;     Ryzhii V, 2006, JPN J APPL PHYS 2, V45, pL1118, DOI 10.1143/JJAP.45.L1118&lt;br/&gt;     Shaner EA, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V90, DOI 10.1063/1.2735943&lt;br/&gt;     Shaner EA, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2128057&lt;br/&gt;     Teppe F, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2005394&lt;br/&gt;     VANHOUTEN H, 1992, SEMICONDUCT SEMIMET, P9&lt;br/&gt;     WYSS RA, 1993, APPL PHYS LETT, V63, P1522, DOI 10.1063/1.110736&lt;br/&gt;     WYSS RA, 1995, APPL PHYS LETT, V66, P1144, DOI 10.1063/1.113840&lt;br/&gt;Song, J. W. Kabir, N. A. Kawano, Y. Ishibashi, K. Aizin, G. R. Mourokh, L. Reno, J. L. Markelz, A. G. Bird, J. P.&lt;br/&gt;Ishibashi, Koji/G-7065-2012; Bird, Jonathan P/G-4068-2010&lt;br/&gt;Ishibashi, Koji/0000-0001-8131-9969; Bird, Jonathan P/0000-0002-6966-9007; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;27&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;6&lt;br/&gt;Amer inst physics&lt;br/&gt;Melville&lt;br/&gt;1077-3118</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">223115</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Song, J. W.|Kabir, N. A.|Bird, J. P.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kawano, Y.|Ishibashi, K.] RIKEN, Inst Phys &amp; Chem Res, Adv Device Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Aizin, G. R.] CUNY, Kingsborough Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11235 USA. [Mourokh, L.] CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Phys, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. [Reno, J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct &amp; Semicond Phys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Bird, JP (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;jbird@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balu, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zukowski, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gregurick, S. K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin and rhodopsin: Similarities and differences</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophys. J.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bovine rhodopsin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conformational-changes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elastic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frequency normal-modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light activation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular-dynamics simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neutron-scattering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">protein-coupled receptors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transmembrane helices</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vibrational-modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wild-type</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3217-3226</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We studied the low-frequency terahertz spectroscopy of two photoactive protein systems, rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin, as a means to characterize collective low-frequency motions in helical transmembrane proteins. From this work, we found that the nature of the vibrational motions activated by terahertz radiation is surprisingly similar between these two structurally similar proteins. Specifically, at the lowest frequencies probed, the cytoplasmic loop regions of the proteins are highly active; and at the higher terahertz frequencies studied, the extracellular loop regions of the protein systems become vibrationally activated. In the case of bacteriorhodopsin, the calculated terahertz spectra are compared with the experimental terahertz signature. This work illustrates the importance of terahertz spectroscopy to identify vibrational degrees of freedom which correlate to known conformational changes in these proteins.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000254420100030</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 280IP&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 50&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 72&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Abdulaev NG, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P12854, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.22.12854&lt;br/&gt;     Alexandrov V, 2005, PROTEIN SCI, V14, P633, DOI 10.1110/ps.04882105&lt;br/&gt;     Alexiev U, 2003, J MOL BIOL, V328, P705, DOI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00326-7&lt;br/&gt;     Altenbach C, 2001, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V40, P15493, DOI 10.1021/bi011545o&lt;br/&gt;     AMADEI A, 1993, PROTEINS, V17, P412, DOI 10.1002/prot.340170408&lt;br/&gt;     Balog E, 2004, PHYS REV LETT, V93, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.028103&lt;br/&gt;     Beck M, 1998, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V37, P7630, DOI 10.1021/bi9801560&lt;br/&gt;     Bizzarri AR, 2001, EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY, V30, P443, DOI 10.1007/s002490100167&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS B, 1983, P NATL ACAD SCI-BIOL, V80, P6571, DOI 10.1073/pnas.80.21.6571&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1995, J COMPUT CHEM, V16, P1522, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540161209&lt;br/&gt;     Bu ZM, 2000, J MOL BIOL, V301, P525, DOI 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3978&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JY, 2005, PHYS REV E, V72, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.040901&lt;br/&gt;     Chen Q, 2001, J OPT SOC AM B, V18, P823, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.18.000823&lt;br/&gt;     Chung HS, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P612, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408646102&lt;br/&gt;     Crozier PS, 2003, J MOL BIOL, V333, P493, DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.045&lt;br/&gt;     Farrens DL, 1996, SCIENCE, V274, P768, DOI 10.1126/science.274.5288.768&lt;br/&gt;     Filippovich S. 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Zhang, H. Zukowski, E. Chen, J. -Y. Markelz, A. G. Gregurick, S. K.&lt;br/&gt;Zhang, Hailiang/F-8325-2010&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;52&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;27&lt;br/&gt;Cell press&lt;br/&gt;Cambridge&lt;br/&gt;1542-0086</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Balu, R.|Zhang, H.|Zukowski, E.|Gregurick, S. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem &amp; Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chen, J. -Y.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Gregurick, SK (corresponding author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem &amp; Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.&lt;br/&gt;greguric@umbe.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kabir, N. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoon, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reno, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sadofyev, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Y. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bird, J. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz transmission characteristics of high-mobility GaAs and InAs two-dimensional-electron-gas systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Physics Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">field-effect transistors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photoconductivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plasma-waves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resonant detection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">subterahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0003-6951</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Frequency-dependent complex conductivity of high-mobility GaAs and InAs two-dimensional-electron-gas (2DEG) systems is studied by terahertz time domain spectroscopy. Determining the momentum relaxation time from a Drude model, the authors find a lower value than that from dc measurements, particularly at high frequencies/low temperatures. These deviations are consistent with the ratio tau(t)/tau(q,) where tau(q) is the full scattering time. This suggests that small-angle scattering leads to weaker heating of 2DEGs at low temperatures than expected from dc mobilit9y. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000240875800066</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 089JE&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 18&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 16&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     ANDO T, 1982, REV MOD PHYS, V54, P437, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.54.437&lt;br/&gt;     ANDO T, 1989, HIGH MAGNETIC FIELDS, V2, P164&lt;br/&gt;     Ashcroft NW, 1976, SOLID STATE PHYS, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Beard MC, 2000, PHYS REV B, V62, P15764, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.15764&lt;br/&gt;     Cerne J, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P8133, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.8133&lt;br/&gt;     COLERIDGE PT, 1991, PHYS REV B, V44, P3793, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.44.3793&lt;br/&gt;     Dorozhkin PS, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2035883&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P4637, DOI 10.1063/1.1525851&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P3433, DOI 10.1063/1.1473685&lt;br/&gt;     Kukushkin IV, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V86, DOI 10.1063/1.1856143&lt;br/&gt;     MADELUNG O, 1996, SEMICONDUCTORS BASIC, P109&lt;br/&gt;     MCKNIGHT SW, 1987, INFRARED PHYS, V27, P327, DOI 10.1016/0020-0891(87)90074-1&lt;br/&gt;     Peralta XG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1627, DOI 10.1063/1.1497433&lt;br/&gt;     Sadofyev YG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1833, DOI 10.1063/1.1504882&lt;br/&gt;     Shaner EA, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2128057&lt;br/&gt;     ZAWADZKI W, 1974, ADV PHYS, V23, P435, DOI 10.1080/00018737400101371&lt;br/&gt;Kabir, N. A. Yoon, Y. Knab, J. R. Chen, J. -Y. Markelz, A. G. Reno, J. L. Sadofyev, Y. Johnson, S. Zhang, Y. -H. Bird, J. P.&lt;br/&gt;Bird, Jonathan P/G-4068-2010&lt;br/&gt;Bird, Jonathan P/0000-0002-6966-9007; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;18&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;15&lt;br/&gt;Amer inst physics&lt;br/&gt;Melville</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">132109</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct &amp; Semicond Phys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Elect Res, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;jbird@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, C.-Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, R. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz measurements of the Photoactive Protein Bacteriorhodopsin mutant D96N: M and P states</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mater. Res. Soc. Symp.</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in Proteins as Materials (ed. V. P. Conteicello, et al)</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warrendale, PA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">826</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pages261–267</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div id=&quot;Abs1-content&quot; class=&quot;c-article-section__content&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;We use terahertz (THz) spectroscopy as a biomaterials characterization tool. Previously we have shown a strong contrast between the THz dielectric response for wild type (WT) and D96N mutant of bacteriorhodopsin. In those studies we observed a large increase in the THz absorbance of WT with excitation to thermally captured photo-intermediates whereas no such increase in absorbance was observed for the mutant D96N. These results suggest that the THz response is sensitive to structural changes and relative flexibility of biomolecules. However the photo-intermediate populations of the WT and D96N samples were not equivalent in those measurements. While the WT samples had relaxed (bR), M and P state intermediates present, the D96N samples had only bR and M states. Here we present terahertz absorbance measurements of D96N as a function of M and P state populations at room temperature. The THz response is constant for intermediate states populations up to 23% M state and up to 30% P state. These results verify that there is a fundamental difference in the conformational dynamics as measured by THz dielectric response for a single residue mutation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, S. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolpert, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galan, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, R. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein flexibility and conformational state: A comparison of collective vibrational modes of wild-type and D96N bacteriorhodopsin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophys. J.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">angstrom resolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dna</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">films</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">harmonic-analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inelastic neutron-scattering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">large systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mixed basis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">normal-modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">purple membranes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">structural-changes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transform infrared-spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1269-1277</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Far infrared ( FIR) spectral measurements of wild-type (WT) and D96N mutant bacteriorhodopsin thin films have been carried out using terahertz time domain spectroscopy as a function of hydration, temperature, and conformational state. The results are compared to calculated spectra generated via normal mode analyses using CHARMM. We find that the FIR absorbance is slowly increasing with frequency and without strong narrow features over the range of 2-60 cm(-1) and up to a resolution of 0.17 cm(-1). The broad absorption shifts in frequency with decreasing temperature as expected with a strongly anharmonic potential and in agreement with neutron inelastic scattering results. Decreasing hydration shifts the absorption to higher frequencies, possibly resulting from decreased coupling mediated by the interior water molecules. Ground-state FIR absorbances have nearly identical frequency dependence, with the mutant having less optical density than the WT. In the M state, the FIR absorbance of the WT increases whereas there is no change for D96N. These results represent the first measurement of FIR absorbance change as a function of conformational state.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000184428300052</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 705ZZ&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 117&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 55&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     AUSTIN RH, 1975, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V14, P5355, DOI 10.1021/bi00695a021&lt;br/&gt;     Birge RR, 1996, J PHYS CHEM-US, V100, P9990, DOI 10.1021/jp953669e&lt;br/&gt;     BOUSCHE O, 1992, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V56, P1085, DOI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb09732.x&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1983, J COMPUT CHEM, V4, P187, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540040211&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1995, J COMPUT CHEM, V16, P1522, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540161209&lt;br/&gt;     Brooks CL, 1988, PROTEINS THEORETICAL&lt;br/&gt;     Brucherseifer M, 2000, APPL PHYS LETT, V77, P4049, DOI 10.1063/1.1332415&lt;br/&gt;     Chen Q, 2001, J OPT SOC AM B, V18, P823, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.18.000823&lt;br/&gt;     DENCHER NA, 1989, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V86, P7876, DOI 10.1073/pnas.86.20.7876&lt;br/&gt;     Der A, 2001, BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW+, V66, P1234, DOI 10.1023/A:1013179101782&lt;br/&gt;     Diehl M, 1997, BIOPHYS J, V73, P2726, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(97)78301-2&lt;br/&gt;     DOSTER W, 1989, NATURE, V337, P754, DOI 10.1038/337754a0&lt;br/&gt;     FERRAND M, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P9668, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.20.9668&lt;br/&gt;     GENZEL L, 1984, SPECTROSCOPY BIOL MO, P609&lt;br/&gt;     GRISCHKOWSKY D, 1991, OSA PROC, V9, P9&lt;br/&gt;     Guilbert C, 1996, CHEM PHYS, V204, P327, DOI 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00293-6&lt;br/&gt;     Han PY, 2000, OPT LETT, V25, P242, DOI 10.1364/OL.25.000242&lt;br/&gt;     Hinsen K, 1998, PROTEINS, V33, P417, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(19981115)33:3&lt;417::AID-PROT10&gt;3.0.CO;2-8&lt;br/&gt;     JANEZIC D, 1995, J COMPUT CHEM, V16, P1543, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540161210&lt;br/&gt;     Kusnetzow A, 1999, BIOPHYS J, V76, P2370, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(99)77394-7&lt;br/&gt;     Lanyi JK, 1999, INT REV CYTOL, V187, P161, DOI 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62418-3&lt;br/&gt;     Lanyi JK, 2001, TRENDS BIOTECHNOL, V19, P140, DOI 10.1016/S0167-7799(01)01576-1&lt;br/&gt;     LINDSAY SM, 1988, BIOPOLYMERS, V27, P1015, DOI 10.1002/bip.360270610&lt;br/&gt;     Lisy V, 1997, J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN, V14, P517, DOI 10.1080/07391102.1997.10508150&lt;br/&gt;     LONGBOTTOM C, 2002, POTENTIAL USES TERAH&lt;br/&gt;     Luecke H, 1999, SCIENCE, V286, P255, DOI 10.1126/science.286.5438.255&lt;br/&gt;     Luecke H, 1999, J MOL BIOL, V291, P899, DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3027&lt;br/&gt;     MacKerell AD, 1998, J PHYS CHEM B, V102, P3586, DOI 10.1021/jp973084f&lt;br/&gt;     Markelz AG, 2000, CHEM PHYS LETT, V320, P42, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2614(00)00227-X&lt;br/&gt;     MCINTOSH AR, 1991, BIOPHYS J, V60, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(91)82025-2&lt;br/&gt;     MOUAWAD L, 1993, BIOPOLYMERS, V33, P599, DOI 10.1002/bip.360330409&lt;br/&gt;     Mouawad L, 1996, J MOL BIOL, V258, P393, DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0257&lt;br/&gt;     Nagel M, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P154, DOI 10.1063/1.1428619&lt;br/&gt;     Oesterhelt D, 1974, Methods Enzymol, V31, P667&lt;br/&gt;     Palmo K, 1998, J COMPUT CHEM, V19, P754, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(199805)19:7&lt;754::AID-JCC6&gt;3.0.CO;2-P&lt;br/&gt;     PERAHIA D, 1995, COMPUT CHEM, V19, P241, DOI 10.1016/0097-8485(95)00011-G&lt;br/&gt;     Person W.B., 1982, VIBRATIONAL INTENSIT&lt;br/&gt;     Polavarapu P. 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Univ Connecticut, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol &amp; Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;amarkelz@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J.-Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cox, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bright, F. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Biosensors based on Xerogel Substrates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the International Symposium on Spectral Sensing Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santa Barbara, CA</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J.-Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, S. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, R. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrafast THz spectroscopy of photoactive biomolecules</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors VII</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2003</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Jose, California</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">146-153</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, Scott</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, Jay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, Robert</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THz time domain spectroscopy of biomolecular conformational modes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3797</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-9155</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, R. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Time domain spectroscopy of the M intermediate state of Bacteriorhodopsin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2001</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toulouse, France</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">345-348</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brar, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwinn, E. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interband impact ionization by terahertz illumination of InAs heterostructures</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Physics Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">energy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">far-infrared excitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inas/alsb quantum-wells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inplane</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">modulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3975-3977</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0003-6951</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Experimental studies of InAs heterostructures illuminated by far-infrared (FIR) radiation reveal an abrupt increase in the charge density for FIR intensities above a threshold value that rises with increasing frequency. We attribute this charge density rise to interband impact ionization in a regime in which omega tau(m) similar to 1, where tau(m) is the momentum relaxation time, and f=omega/2 pi is the FIR frequency. The dependence of the density rise on the FIR field strength supports this interpretation, and gives threshold fields of 3.7-8.9 kV/cm for the frequency range 0.3-0.66 THz. 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