<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKinney, J. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Near-Field Stationary Sample Terahertz Spectroscopic Polarimetry for Biomolecular Structural Dynamics Determination</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACS Photonics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01876</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">658-668</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;THz polarimetry on environmentally sensitive and microscopic samples can provide unique insight into underlying mechanisms of complex phenomena. For example, near-field THz anisotropic absorption successfully isolated protein structural vibrations which are connected to biological function. However, to determine how these vibrations impact function requires high throughput measurements of these complex systems, which is challenged by the need for near field detection, sample environmental control and full polarization variation. Stationary sample anisotropic terahertz spectroscopy (SSATS) and near-field stationary sample anisotropic terahertz microscopy (SSATM) have been proposed using synchronous control of THz and electro optic probe polarizations along an iso-response curve. Here we realize these techniques through robust control and calibration of the THz and NIR polarization states. Both methods rapidly measure the linear dichroism in the far field and near field. Validation measurements using standard birefringent sucrose single crystals found the crystal orientation can be determined by scanning the reference polarization and the synchronous pump–probe polarization settings can be optimized to eliminate artifacts. SSATM is then used to determine spectral reproducibility and dehydration effects for a series of chicken egg white lysozyme samples. Reproducible anisotropic absorbance bands are found at about 30, 44, 55, and 62 cm&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt;. These bands initially sharpen with slow dehydration, similar to the increase in resolution achieved in X-ray crystallographic protein structure determination. The SSATM technique confirms the reliability of anisotropic absorption characterization of protein intramolecular vibrations and opens an avenue for rapid determination of how these long-range dynamics affect biological function.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">658</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Davie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F. Vandrevala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Dampf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y. Deng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. K. George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. D. Sylvester</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. Korter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. Einarsson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. B. Benedict</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. G. Markelz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phonon Kinetics of Fructose at the Melting Transition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Phys. Chem. C</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">125</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12269-12276</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) is used to measure the melting kinetics of fructose molecular crystals. Combining single-crystal anisotropy measurements with density functional calculations, we assign the phonon frequencies and interrogate how specific phonons behave with melting. While nearly all the low-frequency phonons continuously red-shift with heating and melting, the lowest-energy phonon polarized along the c-axis blue-shifts at the melting temperature, suggesting an initial structural change immediately before melting. We find that the kinetics follow a 3D growth model with large activation energies, consistent with previous differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The large activation energies indicate that multiple H-bonds must break collectively for the transition. The results suggest the generality of the kinetics for molecular crystals and that THz TDS with picosecond resolution could be used to measure ultrafast kinetics.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12269</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKinney, J. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crossen, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lechno-Yossef, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kerfeld, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence of Intramolecular Structural Stabilization in Light Activated State of Orange Carotenoid Protein</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophys. J.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">118</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">208A-208A</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Orange carotenoid protein (OCP) controls efficiency of the light harvesting antenna, the phycobilisome (PBS), in diverse cyanobacteria and prevents oxidative damage. It is the only known photoactive protein that uses a carotenoid, canthaxanthin, as its chromophore. The structure of OCP consists of two globular domains, connected by an unstructured loop, that forms a hydrophobic pocket for the carotenoid. In low light, canthaxanthin bound OCP is inactive and appears orange. Illumination by strong light results in an active state that interacts with the PBS to induce fluorescence quenching, a red appearance and conformational changes that include a 12Å shift by canthaxanthin into the N-terminal domain. Terahertz (THz) dynamical transition measurements and anisotropic terahertz microscopy are used to measure the intramolecular structural dynamics in the inactive and active states, which can be induced by photoexcitation or chaotropic salts. The measurements indicate that the active state has a decrease in structural flexibility, which may be related to enhanced interactions with the PBS.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meeting Abstract</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000513023201290</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: KK8YX&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 0&lt;br/&gt;McKinney, Jeffrey A. Sharma, Akansha Crossen, Kimberly Deng, Yanting George, Deepu K. Lechno-Yossef, Sigal Kerfeld, Cheryl Markelz, Andrea G.&lt;br/&gt;64th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society&lt;br/&gt;Feb 15-19, 2020&lt;br/&gt;San Diego, CA&lt;br/&gt;Biophys Soc&lt;br/&gt;NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DBI 1556359, MCB 1616529]; DOEUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0016317]; NIH STTRUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [R41 GM125486]&lt;br/&gt;This work is supported by NSF grants DBI 1556359 and MCB 1616529, DOE grant DE-SC0016317 and NIH STTR R41 GM125486.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;1&lt;br/&gt;2&lt;br/&gt;Cell press&lt;br/&gt;Cambridge&lt;br/&gt;1542-0086</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[McKinney, Jeffrey A.|Sharma, Akansha|Crossen, Kimberly|Deng, Yanting|George, Deepu K.|Markelz, Andrea G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY USA. [Lechno-Yossef, Sigal] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kerfeld, Cheryl] Michigan State Univ, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab LBNL, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mukherjee, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seo, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arik, M. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, C. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirzhner, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armitage, N. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koren, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linear dichroism infrared resonance in overdoped, underdoped, and optimally doped cuprate superconductors</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys. Rev. B</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Materials Science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2469-9950</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;By measuring the polarization changes in terahertz, infrared, and visible radiation over an extended energy range (3-2330 meV), we observe symmetry breaking in cuprate high-temperature superconductors over wide energy, doping, and temperature ranges. We measure the polarization rotation (Re[theta(F)]) and ellipticity (Im[theta(F)]) of transmitted radiation through thin films as the sample is rotated. We observe a twofold rotational symmetry in theta(F), which is associated with linear dichroism (LD) and occurs when electromagnetic radiation polarized along one direction is absorbed more strongly than radiation polarized in the perpendicular direction. Such polarization anisotropies can be generally associated with symmetry breakings. We measure the amplitude of the LD signal and study its temperature, energy, and doping dependence. The LD signal shows a resonant behavior with a peak in the few hundred meV range, which is coincident with the midinfrared optical feature that has been associated with the formation of the pseudogap state. The strongest LD signal is found in underdoped films, although it is also observed in optimally and overdoped samples. The LD signal is consistent with an electronic nematic order which is decoupled from the crystallographic axes as well as novel magnetoelectric effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000562627700004</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: NE5GO&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 30&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V103, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.137201&lt;br/&gt;     Armitage NP, 2014, PHYS REV B, V90, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.035135&lt;br/&gt;     Arpaia R, 2018, PHY REV MATER, V2, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.024804&lt;br/&gt;     Basov DN, 2005, REV MOD PHYS, V77, P721, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.77.721&lt;br/&gt;     Blumberg G, 1996, PHYS REV B, V53, P11930, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.R11930&lt;br/&gt;     Cerne J, 2000, PHYS REV LETT, V84, P3418, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3418&lt;br/&gt;     Fauque B, 2006, PHYS REV LETT, V96, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.197001&lt;br/&gt;     Fridman I, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.104522&lt;br/&gt;     George DK, 2012, J OPT SOC AM B, V29, P1406, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.29.001406&lt;br/&gt;     Halperin B. I., 1991, SPRINGER P PHYS, V60, P439&lt;br/&gt;     Humlicek J, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P14554, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.14554&lt;br/&gt;     KOREN G, 1989, APPL PHYS LETT, V54, P1054, DOI 10.1063/1.101559&lt;br/&gt;     Koren G, 2016, PHYS REV B, V94, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.174515&lt;br/&gt;     Lubashevsky Y, 2014, PHYS REV LETT, V112, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.147001&lt;br/&gt;     Mukherjee A, 2019, PHYS REV B, V99, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.99.085440&lt;br/&gt;     Nie LM, 2014, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V111, P7980, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1406019111&lt;br/&gt;     Orenstein J, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.067002&lt;br/&gt;     PISAREV RV, 1991, PHASE TRANSIT, V37, P63, DOI 10.1080/01411599108203448&lt;br/&gt;     Simon ME, 2002, PHYS REV LETT, V89, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.247003&lt;br/&gt;     TROFIMOV IE, 1994, APPL PHYS LETT, V65, P2481, DOI 10.1063/1.112671&lt;br/&gt;     Varma CM, 2014, EPL-EUROPHYS LETT, V106, DOI 10.1209/0295-5075/106/27001&lt;br/&gt;     Varma CM, 1997, PHYS REV B, V55, P14554, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.14554&lt;br/&gt;     Wu J, 2017, NATURE, V547, P432, DOI 10.1038/nature23290&lt;br/&gt;     Xia J, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V100, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.127002&lt;br/&gt;     Yakes MK, 2010, NANO LETT, V10, P1559, DOI 10.1021/nl9035302&lt;br/&gt;     Yakovenko VM, 2015, PHYSICA B, V460, P159, DOI 10.1016/j.physb.2014.11.060&lt;br/&gt;     Zhang H, 2018, PHYS REV MATER, V2, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.033803&lt;br/&gt;     Zhang J, 2018, SCI ADV, V4, DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aao5235&lt;br/&gt;     Zhao L, 2017, NAT PHYS, V13, P250, DOI [10.1038/nphys3962, 10.1038/NPHYS3962]&lt;br/&gt;     Zhao L., 2018, ENCY MODERN OPTICS, P207&lt;br/&gt;Mukherjee, A. Seo, J. Arik, M. M. Zhang, H. Zhang, C. C. Kirzhner, T. George, D. K. Markelz, A. G. Armitage, N. P. Koren, G. Wei, J. Y. T. Cerne, J.&lt;br/&gt;NSF-DMR GrantNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1410599]; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [MCB 1616529, DMR 1905519]; DOEUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0016317]; NSERCNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); CFI-OITCanada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Institute for Advanced ResearchCanadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)&lt;br/&gt;We are indebted to D. Hsieh, S. A. Kivelson, C. M. Varma, and L. Zhao for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge support from NSF-DMR Grant No. 1410599 (J.C.). A.G.M. and D.K.G. were supported by NSF Grant No. MCB 1616529 and DOE Grant No. DE-SC0016317. Work in Toronto was supported by NSERC, CFI-OIT, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. J.Y.T.W. thanks Kejun Xu for laboratory assistance in Toronto. N.P.A. was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR 1905519.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;9&lt;br/&gt;Amer physical soc&lt;br/&gt;College pk&lt;br/&gt;2469-9969</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">054520</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Mukherjee, A.|Seo, J.|Arik, M. M.|George, D. K.|Markelz, A. G.|Cerne, J.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Zhang, H.|Zhang, C. C.|Wei, J. Y. T.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Kirzhner, T.|Koren, G.] Technion, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Mukherjee, A (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crossen, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKinney, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kerfeld, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Is the Protein Dynamical Transition useful?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">118</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">521a</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKinney, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lechno-Yossef, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kerfeld, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stabilization of Terahertz Vibrational Modes in Illuminated Orange Carotenoid Protein Crystals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020 45th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buffalo, NY</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Orange carotenoid protein (OCP) controls efficiency of the phycobilisome (PBS), the light harvesting antenna in cyanobacteria, to prevent oxidative damage. The OCP switches from resting state to photo protective state with intense blue light illumination. Questions persist as to why OCPR interaction increases with the PBS over that with the OCPO. Here we examine the role of long-range intramolecular vibrations within OCP. Using Stationary Sample Anisotropic Terahertz Microscopy (SSATM) we measure changes in the intramolecular vibrations with photo switching. We report the first observation of switching in the intramolecular vibrations with photoexcitation. Results suggest that there is a stiffening of the molecule in the photo protective state. This increase in structural stability may enhance the interaction with the PBS change in OCP interaction with PBS. In low light, carotenoid bound OCP appears orange (OCP &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; ) and is inactive. Illumination by strong light converts OCP to the active, red (OCPR) state, which interacts with the PBS. A comparison of anisotropic THz microscopy measurements of dark adapted (OCP &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; ) and illuminated OCP crystals indicate differences in their vibrational modes that may be important for OCP-PBS interactions.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKinney, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisotropic Terahertz Microscopy of Protein Collective Vibrations: Crystal Symmetry and Hydration Dependence</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieee</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-5386-8285-2</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;A stationary sample anisotropic terahertz microscopy technique is used to characterize the intramolecular vibrations for lysozyme. Tetragonal and triclinic crystals are compared. We find excellent reproducibility within a single crystal symmetry group. Several resonant bands are present for both symmetry groups, indicating they originate with the intramolecular vibrations and not crystal lattice phonons. Bands become more pronounced and higher frequency resonant bands begin to emerge with slight dehydration.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000591783800033</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BQ4OX&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 4&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2014, NAT COMMUN, V5, DOI 10.1038/ncomms4076&lt;br/&gt;     Legrand L, 2002, ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D, V58, P1564, DOI 10.1107/S0907444902014403&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen KA, 2019, NAT COMMUN, V10, DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-08926-3&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen KA, 2017, BIOPHYS J, V112, P933, DOI 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.12.049&lt;br/&gt;McKinney, Jeffrey Deng, Yanting Sharma, Akansha George, D. K. Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;Irmmw-thz&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)&lt;br/&gt;Sep 01-06, 2019&lt;br/&gt;Paris, FRANCE&lt;br/&gt;Lytid, TYDEX, Swiss Terahertz, Fondat Maison Chimie, CNRS, Lab Physique ENS, Li2S, LUNA, MenloSystems, ENS, PSL Univ Paris, FYLA, ADVANTEST, Springer Nature, Soc Francaise Physique, Sorbonne Univ, Int Soc Infrared Millimeter &amp; Terahertz Waves, IEEE, GDR NANO THz MIR&lt;br/&gt;NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DBI 1556359, MCB 1616529]; DOEUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0016317]; NIHUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [STTR R41 GM125486]&lt;br/&gt;This work is supported by NSF grants DBI 1556359 and MCB 1616529, DOE grant DE-SC0016317 and NIH STTR R41 GM125486.&lt;br/&gt;345 e 47th st, new york, ny 10017 usa&lt;br/&gt;2162-2027</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[McKinney, Jeffrey|Deng, Yanting|Sharma, Akansha|George, D. K.|Markelz, A. G.] Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;McKinney, J (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davie, Alex</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandrevala, Farah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Yanting</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sylvester, Eric D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korter, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Einarsson, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedict, Jason B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blue Shift of a Molecular Crystal Phonon at the Solid to Liquid Phase Transition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulletin of the American Physical Society</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, Katherine A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, Mengyang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, Deepu K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Michael C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferré-D’Amaré, Adrian R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, Edward H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cody, Vivian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pace, James</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Marius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein and RNA dynamical fingerprinting</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature communications</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-10</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2041-1723</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LaFave, T., Jr.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McNee, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlov, Vladimir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunemann, Peter</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stationary Sample Anisotropic THz Spectroscopy using Discretely Tunable THz Sources</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-5386-8285-2</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We demonstrate anisotropic THz spectroscopy of sucrose using newly developed compact discretely tunable THz sources for turn-key spectroscopic systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000591783800538</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irmmw-thz&lt;br/&gt;44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)&lt;br/&gt;Sep 01-06, 2019&lt;br/&gt;Paris, FRANCE&lt;br/&gt;Lytid; TYDEX; Swiss Terahertz; Fondat Maison Chimie; CNRS, Lab Physique ENS; Li2S; LUNA; MenloSystems; ENS; PSL Univ Paris; FYLA; ADVANTEST; Springer Nature; Soc Francaise Physique; Sorbonne Univ; Int Soc Infrared Millimeter &amp; Terahertz Waves; IEEE; GDR NANO THz MIR&lt;br/&gt;2162-2027</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LaFave, T. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McNee, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tekavec, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlov, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunemann, P.</style></author></authors><subsidiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spie,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys Buffalo N. Y. U. S. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microtech Instruments, Eugene O. R. U. S. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bae Syst, P. O. B. Nashua N. H. U. S. A.</style></author></subsidiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tunable Compact Narrow Band THz Sources for Frequency Domain THz Anisotropic Spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conference on Next-Generation Spectroscopic Technologies XII</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of SPIE</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anisotropy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomolecules</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">femtosecond</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">optical rectification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">orientation patterned gallium phosphide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THz generation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr 15-17</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baltimore, MD</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10983</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-5106-2632-4</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We demonstrate frequency domain THz anisotropy signature detection for protein crystal models using newly developed compact tunable narrow band THz sources based on Orientation Patterned Gallium Phosphide for turn-key spectroscopic systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000484438200016</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BN5PJ&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 17&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2014, NAT COMMUN, V5, DOI 10.1038/ncomms4076&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JY, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V90, DOI 10.1063/1.2748852&lt;br/&gt;     Jepsen PU, 2011, LASER PHOTONICS REV, V5, P124, DOI 10.1002/lpor.201000011&lt;br/&gt;     Lee Y. S., 2006, APPL PHYS LETT, V89&lt;br/&gt;     Lee YS, 2000, APPL PHYS LETT, V76, P2505, DOI 10.1063/1.126390&lt;br/&gt;     Lin A., 2013, ANTIPHASE DOMAIN ANN&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen K. A., BIOPHYSICAL J, V112, P933&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen KA, 2019, NAT COMMUN, V10, DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-08926-3&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen Katherine A, 2015, Biophys Rev, V7, P201, DOI 10.1007/s12551-015-0168-4&lt;br/&gt;     PARSONS DF, 1971, APPL OPTICS, V10, P1683&lt;br/&gt;     Singh R., 2013, PHYSICS&lt;br/&gt;     Strachan CJ, 2005, J PHARM SCI-US, V94, P837, DOI 10.1002/jps.20281&lt;br/&gt;     Tassev V., 2013, SPIE LASE, V9&lt;br/&gt;     Tekavec P., 2017, FRONTIERS OPTICS 201&lt;br/&gt;     Tonouchi M, 2007, NAT PHOTONICS, V1, P97, DOI 10.1038/nphoton.2007.3&lt;br/&gt;     Walther M, 2003, CHEM PHYS, V288, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00031-4&lt;br/&gt;     Zeitler JA, 2009, EUR J PHARM BIOPHARM, V71, P2, DOI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.08.012&lt;br/&gt;George, D. K. LaFave, T. J. Markelz, A. G. Mcnee, Ian Tekavec, Patrick Kozlov, Vladimir Schunemann, Peter&lt;br/&gt;LaFave, Tim/0000-0003-2925-8657&lt;br/&gt;NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCESUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R41GM125486] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER; NIGMS NIH HHSUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R41 GM125486] Funding Source: Medline&lt;br/&gt;0277-786x&lt;br/&gt;1098311</style></notes><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BELLINGHAM</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></custom2><orig-pub><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Next-generation spectroscopic technologies xii</style></orig-pub><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, DK (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McNee, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tekavec, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlov, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunemann, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tunable narrow band sources for anisotropic THz spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS S23-002</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://meetings.aps.org/Meeting/MAR19/Session/S23.2</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McNee, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tekavec, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlov, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunemann, P.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunemann, P. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schepler, K. L.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tunable narrowband THz generation in orientation patterned gallium phosphide for THz anisotropy identification</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials and Devices Xviii</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of SPIE</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anisotropy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biomolecules</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">femtosecond</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">optical rectification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">orientation patterned gallium phosphide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THz generation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellingham</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10902</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-5106-2447-4</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We demonstrate tunable narrowband THz generation by optical rectification of a femtosecond pulse in Orientation Patterned Gallium Phosphide. Center frequencies of 0.9 - 3.8 THz with average power up to 15 mu W were achieved using a 1.064 mu m fiber laser for the pump laser. Biomolecular characterization for an early application of this system is also shown in this work by anisotropic spectroscopic signature detection of molecular crystals in the THz region.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000471820400020</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BM9XB&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 2&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 8&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Fejer M. M., 2013, ANTIPHASE DOMAIN ANN, P258&lt;br/&gt;     Jepsen PU, 2011, LASER PHOTONICS REV, V5, P124, DOI 10.1002/lpor.201000011&lt;br/&gt;     Lee YS, 2000, APPL PHYS LETT, V76, P2505, DOI 10.1063/1.126390&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen K. A., BIOPHYSICAL J, V112, P933&lt;br/&gt;     PARSONS DF, 1971, APPL OPTICS, V10, P1683&lt;br/&gt;     Singh R., 2013, MODULATED ORIENTATIO&lt;br/&gt;     Tassev V., 2013, SPIE LASE, P9&lt;br/&gt;     Tekavec P., 2017, FRONTIERS OPTICS 201&lt;br/&gt;McNee, Ian Tekavec, Patrick Kozlov, Vladimir Markelz, A. G. George, D. K. Schunemann, Peter&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;Conference on Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion - Materials and Devices XVIII&lt;br/&gt;Feb 05-07, 2019&lt;br/&gt;San Francisco, CA&lt;br/&gt;Spie&lt;br/&gt;1000 20th st, po box 10, bellingham, wa 98227-0010 usa&lt;br/&gt;0277-786x&lt;br/&gt;Unsp 1090218</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[McNee, Ian|Tekavec, Patrick|Kozlov, Vladimir] Microtech Instruments Inc, 858 W Pk St, Eugene, OR 97401 USA. [Markelz, A. G.|George, D. K.] Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY USA. [Schunemann, Peter] BAE Syst, POB 868, Nashua, NH 03061 USA.&lt;br/&gt;McNee, I (corresponding author), Microtech Instruments Inc, 858 W Pk St, Eugene, OR 97401 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luck, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measuring Protein Intramolecular Dynamics with Terahertz Light: Functional Changes and Relevance to Biology</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APS 2018</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2018.MAR.H50.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H50.001</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McNee, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tekavec, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kozlov, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunemann, P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THz Anisotropy Identification using Tunable Compact Narrow Band THz Sources</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieee</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-5386-3809-5</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We demonstrate THz anisotropy signature determination of a protein crystal model using newly developed compact tunable narrow band THz sources for turn-key spectroscopic systems for the bio molecular community.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000449683700444</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BL3GO&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 6&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Dhillon SS, 2017, J PHYS D APPL PHYS, V50, DOI 10.1088/1361-6463/50/4/043001&lt;br/&gt;     Lee YS, 2000, APPL PHYS LETT, V76, P2505, DOI 10.1063/1.126390&lt;br/&gt;     Lin A., 2013, ANTIPHASE DOMAIN ANN, P258&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen KA, 2017, BIOPHYS J, V112, P933, DOI 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.12.049&lt;br/&gt;     Tassev V., 2013, SPIE LASE, P9&lt;br/&gt;     Tekavec P., 2017, FRONTIERS OPTICS 201&lt;br/&gt;George, D. K. Markelz, A. G. Mcnee, Ian Tekavec, Patrick Kozlov, Vladimir Schunemann, Peter&lt;br/&gt;Irmmw-thz&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)&lt;br/&gt;Sep 09-14, 2018&lt;br/&gt;Nagoya, JAPAN&lt;br/&gt;IEEE Microwave Theory &amp; Tech Soc, TeraTech, JSPS, JSIR, Japan Soc Appl Phys, IEEJ, CSJ, AIP, APL Photon, AIP, Journal Appl Phys, EiC, SPSJ, Terahertz Syst Consortium, AICHI, Nagoya Convent &amp; Visitors Bur, ADVANTEST CORP, AmTechs Corp, Menlo Systems GmbH, Nippo Precigion Co Ltd, TeraMetrix LLC Div Luna, ATN Japan LTD, DAHENG NEW EPOCH TECHNOL INC, FEMTO Dev Inc, KYOWA FINTECH Co Ltd, Spectra Design Ltd, TeraView Ltd, TYDEX LLC, Virginia Diodes Inc, PNP, Tydex Res &amp; Ind Opt, Femtowave, Kyowa Fine Tech Co Ltd, Daheng Opt&lt;br/&gt;345 e 47th st, new york, ny 10017 usa&lt;br/&gt;2162-2027</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[George, D. K.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Mcnee, Ian|Tekavec, Patrick|Kozlov, Vladimir] Microtech Instruments, 858 W Pk St, Eugene, OR 97405 USA. [Schunemann, Peter] BAE Syst, POB 868, Nashua, NH 03061 USA.&lt;br/&gt;George, DK (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhillon, S. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitiello, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linfield, E. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, M. 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B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The 2017 terahertz science and technology roadmap</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ex-vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">generation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metal wave-guides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">near-field</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photoconductive emitters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quantum-cascade lasers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semiconductors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time-domain spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0022-3727</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Science and technologies based on terahertz frequency electromagnetic radiation (100 GHz-30 THz) have developed rapidly over the last 30 years. For most of the 20th Century, terahertz radiation, then referred to as sub-millimeter wave or far-infrared radiation, was mainly utilized by astronomers and some spectroscopists. Following the development of laser based terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in the 1980s and 1990s the field of THz science and technology expanded rapidly, to the extent that it now touches many areas from fundamental science to &#039;real world&#039; applications. For example THz radiation is being used to optimize materials for new solar cells, and may also be a key technology for the next generation of airport security scanners. While the field was emerging it was possible to keep track of all new developments, however now the field has grown so much that it is increasingly difficult to follow the diverse range of new discoveries and applications that are appearing. At this point in time, when the field of THz science and technology is moving from an emerging to a more established and interdisciplinary field, it is apt to present a roadmap to help identify the breadth and future directions of the field. The aim of this roadmap is to present a snapshot of the present state of THz science and technology in 2017, and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds. To be able to achieve this aim, we have invited a group of international experts to write 18 sections that cover most of the key areas of THz science and technology. We hope that The 2017 Roadmap on THz science and technology will prove to be a useful resource by providing a wide ranging introduction to the capabilities of THz radiation for those outside or just entering the field as well as providing perspective and breadth for those who are well established. 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S. Vitiello, M. S. Linfield, E. H. Davies, A. G. Hoffmann, Matthias C. Booske, John Paoloni, Claudio Gensch, M. Weightman, P. Williams, G. P. Castro-Camus, E. Cumming, D. R. S. Simoens, F. Escorcia-Carranza, I. Grant, J. Lucyszyn, Stepan Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto Konishi, Kuniaki Koch, Martin Schmuttenmaer, Charles A. Cocker, Tyler L. Huber, Rupert Markelz, A. G. Taylor, Z. D. Wallace, Vincent P. Zeitler, J. Axel Sibik, Juraj Korter, Timothy M. Ellison, B. Rea, S. Goldsmith, P. Cooper, Ken B. Appleby, Roger Pardo, D. Huggard, P. G. Krozer, V. Shams, Haymen Fice, Martyn Renaud, Cyril Seeds, Alwyn Stoehr, Andreas Naftaly, Mira Ridler, Nick Clarke, Roland Cunningham, John E. Johnston, Michael B.&lt;br/&gt;Huggard, Peter/U-2150-2019; Konishi, Kuniaki/AAN-3624-2020; Zeitler, J. Axel/B-4885-2008; Paoloni, Claudio/AAH-9824-2019; Hoffmann, Matthias C./N-1082-2019; Wallace, Vincent P/A-9320-2012; Johnston, Michael/B-9813-2008; Castro-Camus, Enrique/V-6861-2019; Krozer, Viktor/P-5623-2014; Hoffmann, Matthias C/B-3893-2009; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/AAA-3211-2020; Gonokami, Makoto/F-3641-2012; Shams, Haymen/H-3754-2012; Ridler, Nick/AAN-9637-2020; Huber, Rupert/N-4126-2018&lt;br/&gt;Konishi, Kuniaki/0000-0003-2389-9787; Zeitler, J. Axel/0000-0002-4958-0582; Hoffmann, Matthias C./0000-0002-3596-9853; Wallace, Vincent P/0000-0003-3814-5400; Johnston, Michael/0000-0002-0301-8033; Krozer, Viktor/0000-0002-2387-1947; Hoffmann, Matthias C/0000-0002-3596-9853; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/0000-0002-0265-0862; Shams, Haymen/0000-0002-5333-6478; Huber, Rupert/0000-0001-6617-9283; Davies, Alexander/0000-0002-1987-4846; Seeds, Alwyn/0000-0002-5228-627X; Castro-Camus, Enrique/0000-0002-8218-9155; Cunningham, John/0000-0002-1805-9743; Naftaly, Mira/0000-0002-0671-822X; Cumming, David/0000-0002-7838-8362&lt;br/&gt;Engineering and Physical Sciences Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Engineering &amp; Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P015883/1, EP/M00306X/1, EP/K023349/1, EP/M017095/1, EP/L026597/1, EP/J017671/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Natural Environment Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)NERC Natural Environment Research Council [NER/Z/S/2003/00642, NE/L012375/1, NER/Z/S/2000/01292] Funding Source: researchfish; Science and Technology Facilities CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Science &amp; Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/P002056/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Direct For Biological SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Biological InfrastructureNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Molecular and Cellular BioscienceNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1616529] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;566&lt;br/&gt;30&lt;br/&gt;462&lt;br/&gt;Iop publishing ltd&lt;br/&gt;Bristol&lt;br/&gt;1361-6463</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">043001</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Dhillon, S. S.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ,CNRS,Lab Pierre Aigrain, Sorbonne Paris Cite,Ecole Normale Super,PSL Res U, F-75231 Paris, France. [Vitiello, M. S.] CNR, Ist Nanosci, NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Vitiello, M. S.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Linfield, E. H.|Davies, A. G.|Cunningham, John E.] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Hoffmann, Matthias C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Booske, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect &amp; Comp Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Paoloni, Claudio] Univ Lancaster, Dept Engn, Lancaster, England. [Gensch, M.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Radiat Phys, Bautzner Landstr 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. [Weightman, P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Williams, G. P.] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave Suite 21, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Castro-Camus, E.] Ctr Invest Opt AC, Loma Bosque 115, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. [Cumming, D. R. S.|Escorcia-Carranza, I.|Grant, J.] Glasgow, Sch Engn, Microsyst Technol Grp, Glasgow G12 8LT, Lanark, Scotland. [Simoens, F.] CEA Leti MINATEC, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Lucyszyn, Stepan] Imperial Coll London, Dept EEE, Ctr Terahertz Sci &amp; Engn, London, England. [Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto|Konishi, Kuniaki] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Fac Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Energy Sci Inst, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Cocker, Tyler L.|Huber, Rupert] Univ Regensburg, Inst Expt &amp; Angew Phys, Univ Str 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Markelz, A. G.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14620 USA. [Taylor, Z. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Wallace, Vincent P.] Univ Western Australia M013, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Zeitler, J. Axel|Sibik, Juraj] Magnet Resonance Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn, JJ Thompson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Korter, Timothy M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, 1-014 CST,111 Coll Pl, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Ellison, B.|Rea, S.|Pardo, D.|Huggard, P. G.] RAL Space, STFC, Millimetre Wave Technol Grp, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Goldsmith, P.] Jet Prop Lab, M-S 180-703,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Cooper, Ken B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Appleby, Roger] Innovasec Ltd, 212b West Malvern Rd, Malvern WR14 4BA, Worcs, England. [Krozer, V.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt Main, Goethe Leibniz Terahertz Ctr, D-60323 Frankfurt, Germany. [Shams, Haymen|Fice, Martyn|Renaud, Cyril|Seeds, Alwyn] UCL, Dept Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England. [Stoehr, Andreas] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Engn, Dept Optoelect, Lotharstr 55, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Naftaly, Mira|Ridler, Nick] Natl Phys Lab, Div Time Quantum &amp; Electromagnet, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. [Clarke, Roland] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Johnston, Michael B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;Cunningham, JE (corresponding author), Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.|Johnston, MB (corresponding author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;enrique@cio.mx|david.cumming.2@glasgow.ac.uk|J.E.Cunningham@leeds.ac.uk|michael.johnston@physics.ox.ac.uk</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, Katherine A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, Mengyang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Yanting</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, Edward H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Importance of Protein Vibration Directionality on Function</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb 3</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">353A-353A</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000402375600746</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, Edward/G-2055-2018&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/0000-0001-8714-3191&lt;br/&gt;1&lt;br/&gt;58th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society&lt;br/&gt;Feb 15-19, 2014&lt;br/&gt;San Francisco, CA&lt;br/&gt;Biophys Soc&lt;br/&gt;</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, Katherine A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, Mengyang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paciaroni, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orecchini, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, Edward H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moving in the right direction: protein vibrations steering function</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">933-942</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, M. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michki, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisotropic Absorption Measurements Reveal Protein Dynamical Transition in Intramolecular Vibrations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieee</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-4673-8485-8</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Modeling has predicted that intramolecular structural vibrations enables proteins to access functionally important structural change. We show that the vibrational density of states and the isotropic absorption in the terahertz range are only weakly dependent on the protein functional state for several bench marking proteins. At the same time the direction of motions changes dramatically with functional state and with a resulting impact on the anisotropic absorption. Our anisotropic THz microscopy (ATM) measurements confirm this sensitivity. Here we apply the technique to the question of whether the protein dynamical transition (DT) is important to protein function. We find a strong anisotropic resonance at 70 cm(-1) rapidly increases in strength at temperatures above the DT. As these intramolecular vibrations enable protein structure to change conformation, the results suggest function will cease below DT for those proteins that require large scale conformational change.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000391406200009</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BG7KC&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 4&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2014, NAT COMMUN, V5, DOI 10.1038/ncomms4076&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen K., 2015, BIOPHYSICAL REV&lt;br/&gt;     PETHIG R, 1995, PROTEIN SOLVENT INTE, P265&lt;br/&gt;     RUPLEY JA, 1991, ADV PROTEIN CHEM, V41, P37&lt;br/&gt;Xu, Mengyang Niessen, Katherine Michki, Nigel Deng, Yanting Snell, Edward Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;Irmmw-thz&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)&lt;br/&gt;Sep 25-30, 2016&lt;br/&gt;Copenhagen, DENMARK&lt;br/&gt;DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, Carl Sberg Fdn, AF Off Sci Res, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory &amp; Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/G-2055-2018&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/0000-0001-8714-3191&lt;br/&gt;345 e 47th st, new york, ny 10017 usa&lt;br/&gt;2162-2027</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Xu, Mengyang|Niessen, Katherine|Michki, Nigel|Deng, Yanting|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY USA. [Snell, Edward] Hauptman Woodward Med Res Inst, Buffalo, NY USA.&lt;br/&gt;Xu, MY (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Yanting</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, Mengyang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, Katherine A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Marius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Direct Measurements of the Long-Range Collective Vibrations of Photoactive Yellow Protein</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30th Anniversary Symposium of The Protein Society</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pro.3026</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baltimore MD</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Long-range collective vibrations are thought to be crucial to protein functions. In the case of photoactive protein family, modeling suggests the intramolecular vibrations provide an efficient means of energy relaxation[1], feedback for enhancement of chromophore vibrations that promote structural transitions[2] and can assist in charge energy transfer[3]. As a paradigm of this family, photoactive yellow protein (PYP) is a cytoplasmic photocycling protein related to negative phototactic response to blue light in purple photosynthetic bacteria. PYP has a p-coumaric acid chromophore binding to the cysteine residue via a thioester bond, whose vibrations were found to overlap calculated vibrations of the protein scaffold. Using our unique technique of anisotropic terahertz microscopy(ATM)[4], we measure the intramolecular vibrations for PYP for the first time, including cycling between ground and blue shift (pB) states. Room temperature ATM measurements are performed in the dark and with continuous wave illumination at 488nm, resulting in a steady pB state with approximately 5% population conversion. In pB state, we find an overall decrease in the strength of resonant band in frequency range of 30-60 cm-1. Our calculated spectra using quasi-harmonic analysis indicate that our measurements are dominated by the protein vibrations, rather than the pCA chromophore, allowing us to characterize how the scaffold dynamics changes with functional states and mutations.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;1. Levantino, M., et al. Nat Commun, 2015. 6.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;2. Mataga, N., et al. Chem. Phys. Lett., 2002. 352(3-4): p. 220-225.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;3. Fokas, A.S., et al. Photosynth. Res., 2014. 122&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singh, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bae, C. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modulated orientation-sensitive terahertz spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photonics Research</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photonics Res.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photonics Res.Photonics Res.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">absorption-spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">enzyme catalysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">low-frequency modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lysozyme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neutron-scattering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">perspective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polarization modulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A1-A8</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2327-9125</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Intramolecular vibrations of large macromolecules reside in the terahertz range. In particular, protein vibrations are closely spaced in frequency, resulting in a nearly continuous vibrational density of states. This density of vibrations interferes with the identification of specific absorption lines and their subsequent association with specific functional motions. This challenge is compounded with the absorption being dominated by the solvent and local relaxational motions. A strategy for removing the isotropic relaxational loss and isolating specific vibrations is to use aligned samples and polarization-sensitive measurements. Here, we demonstrate a technique to rapidly attain the anisotropic resonant absorbance using terahertz time domain spectroscopy and a spinning sample. The technique, modulated orientation-sensitive terahertz spectroscopy (MOSTS), has a nonzero signal only for anisotropic samples, as demonstrated by a comparison between a silicon wafer and a wire grid polarizer. For sucrose and oxalic acid molecular crystals, the MOSTS response is in agreement with modeled results for the intermolecular vibrations. Further, we demonstrate that, even in the presence of a large relaxational background, MOSTS isolates underlying vibrational resonances. (C) 2016 Chinese Laser Press&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000376658500001</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: DM9BJ&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 6&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 40&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2014, NAT COMMUN, V5, DOI 10.1038/ncomms4076&lt;br/&gt;     Aguilar RV, 2012, PHYS REV LETT, V108, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.087403&lt;br/&gt;     Aschaffenburg DJ, 2012, APPL PHYS LETT, V100, DOI 10.1063/1.4729148&lt;br/&gt;     Bahar I, 2005, CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL, V15, P586, DOI 10.1016/j.sbi.2005.08.007&lt;br/&gt;     Benkovic SJ, 2003, SCIENCE, V301, P1196, DOI 10.1126/science.1085515&lt;br/&gt;     Boehr DD, 2006, CHEM REV, V106, P3055, DOI 10.1021/cr050312q&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JY, 2005, PHYS REV E, V72, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.040901&lt;br/&gt;     Chen Q, 1999, APPL PHYS LETT, V74, P3435, DOI 10.1063/1.124119&lt;br/&gt;     Daniel RM, 2003, ANNU REV BIOPH BIOM, V32, P69, DOI 10.1146/annurev.biophys.32.110601.142445&lt;br/&gt;     Diehl M, 1997, BIOPHYS J, V73, P2726, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(97)78301-2&lt;br/&gt;     Ebbinghaus S, 2007, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V104, P20749, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0709207104&lt;br/&gt;     Falconer RJ, 2012, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V33, P973, DOI 10.1007/s10762-012-9915-9&lt;br/&gt;     Fan ST, 2014, J PHYS D APPL PHYS, V47, DOI 10.1088/0022-3727/47/37/374009&lt;br/&gt;     Frauenfelder H, 2006, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V103, P15469, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0607168103&lt;br/&gt;     Gabel F, 2002, Q REV BIOPHYS, V35, P327, DOI 10.1017/S0033583502003840&lt;br/&gt;     George DK, 2012, J OPT SOC AM B, V29, P1406, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.29.001406&lt;br/&gt;     Giraud G, 2003, BIOPHYS J, V85, P1903, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(03)74618-9&lt;br/&gt;     Hammes GG, 2011, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V50, P10422, DOI 10.1021/bi201486f&lt;br/&gt;     Jackson J.D., 1975, CLASSICAL ELECTRODYN&lt;br/&gt;     Jenkins GS, 2010, REV SCI INSTRUM, V81, DOI 10.1063/1.3480554&lt;br/&gt;     Jepsen PU, 2007, CHEM PHYS LETT, V442, P275, DOI 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.05.112&lt;br/&gt;     Karplus M, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P6679, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408930102&lt;br/&gt;     Kim SJ, 2008, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V47, P6486, DOI 10.1002/anie.200802281&lt;br/&gt;     Kindt JT, 1996, J PHYS CHEM-US, V100, P10373, DOI 10.1021/jp960141g&lt;br/&gt;     King MD, 2010, J PHYS CHEM A, V114, P7127, DOI 10.1021/jp101935n&lt;br/&gt;     Kroll J, 2007, VIB SPECTROSC, V43, P324, DOI 10.1016/j.vibspec.2006.03.010&lt;br/&gt;     Leitner DM, 2008, HFSP J, V2, P314, DOI 10.2976/1.2976661&lt;br/&gt;     Li M, 2011, OPT LETT, V36, P3633, DOI 10.1364/OL.36.003633&lt;br/&gt;     Liu D, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V101, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.135501&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen Katherine A, 2015, Biophys Rev, V7, P201, DOI 10.1007/s12551-015-0168-4&lt;br/&gt;     PETHIG R, 1995, PROTEIN SOLVENT INTE, P265&lt;br/&gt;     Planken PCM, 2001, J OPT SOC AM B, V18, P313, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.18.000313&lt;br/&gt;     Rheinstadter MC, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V103, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.128104&lt;br/&gt;     RUPLEY JA, 1991, ADV PROTEIN CHEM, V41, P37&lt;br/&gt;     Singh R, 2012, J PHYS CHEM A, V116, P10359, DOI 10.1021/jp307288r&lt;br/&gt;     TORGESEN JL, 1964, SCIENCE, V146, P53, DOI 10.1126/science.146.3640.53&lt;br/&gt;     Vinh NQ, 2011, J AM CHEM SOC, V133, P8942, DOI 10.1021/ja200566u&lt;br/&gt;     Walther M, 2003, CHEM PHYS, V288, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00031-4&lt;br/&gt;     Xu J, 2006, J PHYS CHEM B, V110, P24255, DOI 10.1021/jp064830w&lt;br/&gt;     Yasumatsu N, 2012, REV SCI INSTRUM, V83, DOI 10.1063/1.3683570&lt;br/&gt;Singh, Rohit George, Deepu Koshy Bae, Chejin Niessen, K. A. Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/J-9882-2014&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705&lt;br/&gt;National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) [DBI2959989]; University at Buffalo (UB) [1126960-1-68255]; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)United States Department of Energy (DOE)Los Alamos National Laboratory [1125895-1-71842]; Direct For Biological SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Biological InfrastructureNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;National Science Foundation (NSF) (DBI2959989); University at Buffalo (UB) (Holm Fund 1126960-1-68255); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) (Molecular Crystal Studies 1125895-1-71842).&lt;br/&gt;6&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;26&lt;br/&gt;Optical soc amer&lt;br/&gt;Washington</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Singh, Rohit] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [George, Deepu Koshy] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Bae, Chejin] Univ Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Niessen, K. A.|Markelz, A. G.] Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;amarkelz@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, Mengyang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, Katherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Yanting</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michki, Nigel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, Edward</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> The Role of Dynamical Transition in Protein Function: Coupling of Protein Collective Vibrations and Water Dynamics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30th Anniversary Symposium of The Protein Society</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pro.3026</style></url></web-urls></urls><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baltimore, MD</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Computational simulations have revealed protein collective vibrations prompt structural rearrangements to accomplish biological function. However, the biological importance of collective vibrations has not been experimentally demonstrated. The attempts have been hampered by the inability to distinguish localized water or side-chain relaxational motions from protein long-range vibrations using conventional techniques. The dynamical transition (DT), extensively observed using X-ray, neutron scattering, NMR and terahertz techniques [1,2], describes a rapid increase in the temperature-dependent dynamics of critically hydrated proteins above ∼220 K, and has been attributed to thermally activated solvent motions. While some proteins lose function below the specific temperature, others do not. We suggest the difference arises from the nature of the required motions for function. Specifically, functional motions enabled by long-range vibrations will be vulnerable to DT, which require surrounding solvent to be sufficiently mobile. We explored the coupling of protein vibrations to solvent dynamics by applying a recently developed technique, anisotropy terahertz microscopy [3], to directly measure the collective vibrations for lysozyme and investigate the temperature dependence in 150-300 K range. We find long-range intramolecular vibrations occur at 220K and rapidly increase in strength with increasing temperature, consistent with enhanced access above the DT. The results suggest collective vibrations are slaved to DT, and those proteins with function reliant on these motions will cease function below DT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;1. Doster,W., et al. Phys.Rev.Lett., 2010.104(9):098101.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;2. Niessen,K., et al. Biophys.Rev., 2015.7,201.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;3. Acbas,G., et al. Nat.Commun., 2014.5,3076.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measurements and Calculations of Protein Intramolecular Vibrations in the THz Range</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 39th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">charmm</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieee</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-4799-3877-3</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We report the calculations and measurements of intramolecular vibrational modes and their dependence on inhibitor binding in the THz range. We see an increase in anisotropic THz absorption at low frequency with inhibitor binding in both the measurements and calculations. This surprising result suggests an increase in flexibility with binding. We will discuss the possible reasons for this discrepancy.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000378889200091</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BF0IL&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 13&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2014, NAT COMMUN, V5, DOI 10.1038/ncomms4076&lt;br/&gt;     Balog E, 2004, PHYS REV LETT, V93, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.028103&lt;br/&gt;     Best RB, 2012, J CHEM THEORY COMPUT, V8, P3257, DOI 10.1021/ct300400x&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1983, J COMPUT CHEM, V4, P187, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540040211&lt;br/&gt;     BRUCCOLERI RE, 1986, BIOPOLYMERS, V25, P1767, DOI 10.1002/bip.360250916&lt;br/&gt;     CHEETHAM JC, 1992, J MOL BIOL, V224, P613, DOI 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90548-X&lt;br/&gt;     Dong J, 1999, ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D, V55, P745, DOI 10.1107/S0907444998016047&lt;br/&gt;     Guo JN, 2014, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V53, P2855, DOI 10.1021/bi500238q&lt;br/&gt;     Hammes-Schiffer S, 2006, ANNU REV BIOCHEM, V75, P519, DOI 10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142800&lt;br/&gt;     Henzler-Wildman KA, 2007, NATURE, V450, P838, DOI 10.1038/nature06410&lt;br/&gt;     Jo S, 2008, J COMPUT CHEM, V29, P1859, DOI 10.1002/jcc.20945&lt;br/&gt;     PERUTZ MF, 1970, NATURE, V228, P726, DOI 10.1038/228726a0&lt;br/&gt;     TEETER MM, 1990, J PHYS CHEM-US, V94, P8091, DOI 10.1021/j100384a021&lt;br/&gt;Niessen, Katherine A. Snell, Edward Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;Irmmw-thz&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;39th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz)&lt;br/&gt;Sep 14-19, 2014&lt;br/&gt;Tucson, AZ&lt;br/&gt;THORLABS, Tydex, TOPTICA Photon, Bruker, Gentec EO, Lake Shore Cryotron, Ekspla, Zomega, TeraSense, Insight Product, Emcore, QMC Instruments, TeraView, NeaSpec, Advantest, MenloSystems, Traycer, Microtech Instruments Inc, LongWave Photon, Virginia Diodes Inc, ASU, MTT S, Journal Infrared Millimeter &amp; Tera Hertz Waves, Tera Hertz Sci &amp; Technol, Army Res Off&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/G-2055-2018&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/0000-0001-8714-3191&lt;br/&gt;345 e 47th st, new york, ny 10017 usa&lt;br/&gt;2162-2027</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Niessen, Katherine A.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Snell, Edward|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Univ Buffalo, Hauptman Woodward Med Res Inst, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. [Snell, Edward|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Univ Buffalo, Dept Biol Struct, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Niessen, KA (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Univ Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acbas, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, E. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optical measurements of long-range protein vibrations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature Communications</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Commun.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">absorption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crystals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frequency raman-spectra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lysozyme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">motions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science &amp; Technology - Other Topics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sensitivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">simulations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2041-1723</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Protein biological function depends on structural flexibility and change. From cellular communication through membrane ion channels to oxygen uptake and delivery by haemoglobin, structural changes are critical. It has been suggested that vibrations that extend through the protein play a crucial role in controlling these structural changes. While nature may utilize such long-range vibrations for optimization of biological processes, bench-top characterization of these extended structural motions for engineered biochemistry has been elusive. Here we show the first optical observation of long-range protein vibrational modes. This is achieved by orientation-sensitive terahertz near-field microscopy measurements of chicken egg white lysozyme single crystals. Underdamped modes are found to exist for frequencies &amp;gt;10 cm(-1). The existence of these persisting motions indicates that damping and intermode coupling are weaker than previously assumed. The methodology developed permits protein engineering based on dynamical network optimization.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000331084200018</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: AA4RQ&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 101&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 48&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     AUSTIN RH, 1989, PHYS REV LETT, V62, P1912, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.1912&lt;br/&gt;     Bahar I, 2005, CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL, V15, P586, DOI 10.1016/j.sbi.2005.08.007&lt;br/&gt;     Balabin IA, 2000, SCIENCE, V290, P114, DOI 10.1126/science.290.5489.114&lt;br/&gt;     Balog E, 2004, PHYS REV LETT, V93, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.028103&lt;br/&gt;     Barth A, 2002, Q REV BIOPHYS, V35, P369, DOI 10.1017/S0033583502003815&lt;br/&gt;     Benkovic SJ, 2003, SCIENCE, V301, P1196, DOI 10.1126/science.1085515&lt;br/&gt;     Brooks BR, 2009, J COMPUT CHEM, V30, P1545, DOI 10.1002/jcc.21287&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1983, J COMPUT CHEM, V4, P187, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540040211&lt;br/&gt;     Brooks CL, 1988, PROTEINS THEORETICAL&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JY, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V90, DOI 10.1063/1.2748852&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JY, 2005, PHYS REV E, V72, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.040901&lt;br/&gt;     Ding T, 2012, VIB SPECTROSC, V61, P144, DOI 10.1016/j.vibspec.2012.02.020&lt;br/&gt;     GENZEL L, 1976, BIOPOLYMERS, V15, P219, DOI 10.1002/bip.1976.360150115&lt;br/&gt;     George DK, 2013, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V3, P288, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2013.2256233&lt;br/&gt;     GRISCHKOWSKY D, 1990, J OPT SOC AM B, V7, P2006, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.7.002006&lt;br/&gt;     Hafner J, 2011, J CHEM PHYS, V135, DOI 10.1063/1.3646312&lt;br/&gt;     Hammes GG, 2002, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V41, P8221, DOI 10.1021/bi0260839&lt;br/&gt;     He YF, 2011, BIOPHYS J, V100, P1058, DOI 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.3731&lt;br/&gt;     KACHALOVA GS, 1991, FEBS LETT, V284, P91, DOI 10.1016/0014-5793(91)80769-Y&lt;br/&gt;     Karplus M, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P6679, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408930102&lt;br/&gt;     Knab J, 2006, BIOPHYS J, V90, P2576, DOI 10.1529/biophysj.105.069088&lt;br/&gt;     Knab JR, 2010, APPL PHYS LETT, V97, DOI 10.1063/1.3467192&lt;br/&gt;     LEVY RM, 1984, J PHYS CHEM-US, V88, P4233, DOI 10.1021/j150663a009&lt;br/&gt;     Lipps F, 2012, PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS, V14, P6375, DOI 10.1039/c2cp23760a&lt;br/&gt;     Liu D, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V101, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.135501&lt;br/&gt;     MacKerell AD, 1998, J PHYS CHEM B, V102, P3586, DOI 10.1021/jp973084f&lt;br/&gt;     Markelz AG, 2008, IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT, V14, P180, DOI 10.1109/JSTQE.2007.913424&lt;br/&gt;     Meinhold L, 2007, PHYS REV LETT, V99, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.138101&lt;br/&gt;     Meinhold L, 2007, PROTEINS, V66, P941, DOI 10.1002/prot.21246&lt;br/&gt;     Mittleman D.M., 2003, SENSING TERAHERTZ RA&lt;br/&gt;     MOELLER KD, 1992, BIOPHYS J, V61, P276, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(92)81834-9&lt;br/&gt;     Perutz MF, 1998, ANNU REV BIOPH BIOM, V27, P1, DOI 10.1146/annurev.biophys.27.1.1&lt;br/&gt;     Planken PCM, 2011, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V32, P975, DOI 10.1007/s10762-011-9824-3&lt;br/&gt;     Rheinstadter MC, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V103, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.128104&lt;br/&gt;     Sakai K., 2005, TERAHERTZ OPTOELECTR&lt;br/&gt;     Schumacher M, 2002, NATURE, V417, P501, DOI 10.1038/417501a&lt;br/&gt;     Siegrist K, 2006, J AM CHEM SOC, V128, P5764, DOI 10.1021/ja058176u&lt;br/&gt;     Singh R, 2012, J PHYS CHEM A, V116, P10359, DOI 10.1021/jp307288r&lt;br/&gt;     SMITH J, 1990, J CHEM PHYS, V93, P2974, DOI 10.1063/1.458885&lt;br/&gt;     SMITH JC, 1991, Q REV BIOPHYS, V24, P227, DOI 10.1017/S0033583500003723&lt;br/&gt;     TEETER MM, 1990, J PHYS CHEM-US, V94, P8091, DOI 10.1021/j100384a021&lt;br/&gt;     TIDOR B, 1994, J MOL BIOL, V238, P405, DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1994.1300&lt;br/&gt;     Tych KM, 2011, J APPL CRYSTALLOGR, V44, P129, DOI 10.1107/S0021889810043372&lt;br/&gt;     Urabe H, 1998, BIOPHYS J, V74, P1533, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77865-8&lt;br/&gt;     Walther M, 2003, CHEM PHYS, V288, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0301-0104(03)00031-4&lt;br/&gt;     WU Q, 1995, APPL PHYS LETT, V67, P3523, DOI 10.1063/1.114909&lt;br/&gt;     Xie AH, 2002, PHYS REV LETT, V88, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.018102&lt;br/&gt;     Xu J, 2006, J PHYS CHEM B, V110, P24255, DOI 10.1021/jp064830w&lt;br/&gt;Acbas, Gheorghe Niessen, Katherine A. Snell, Edward H. Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/G-2055-2018&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/0000-0001-8714-3191; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;National Science Foundation MRIboolean AND2 grant [DBI2959989]&lt;br/&gt;We thank Yunfen He and Benjamin Keen for their assistance with calculations. All calculations performed using facilities provided by The Center for Computational Research, SUNY, Buffalo. We thank the National Science Foundation MRI boolean AND 2 grant DBI2959989 for support.&lt;br/&gt;101&lt;br/&gt;4&lt;br/&gt;108&lt;br/&gt;Nature publishing group&lt;br/&gt;London</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3076</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Acbas, Gheorghe|Niessen, Katherine A.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Snell, Edward H.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Hauptman Woodward Med Res Inst, Dept Biol Struct, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, 239 Fronczak Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;amarkelz@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acbas, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niessen, K. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betz, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elezzabi, A. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Song, J. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsen, K. T.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Measuring phonons in protein crystals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrafast Phenomena and Nanophotonics Xvii</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of SPIE</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">correlated motions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mode</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular crystals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular vibrations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">normal modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phonons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">protein dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellingham</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8623</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-0-8194-9392-7</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Using Terahertz near field microscopy we find orientation dependent narrow band absorption features for lysozyme crystals. Here we discuss identification of protein collective modes associated with the observed features. Using normal mode calculations we find good agreement with several of the measured features, suggesting that the modes arise from internal molecular motions and not crystal phonons. Such internal modes have been associated with protein function.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000322829300003</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BGG42&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 5&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Bahar I, 2005, CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL, V15, P586, DOI 10.1016/j.sbi.2005.08.007&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS B, 1985, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V82, P4995, DOI 10.1073/pnas.82.15.4995&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1983, J COMPUT CHEM, V4, P187, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540040211&lt;br/&gt;     Karplus M, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P6679, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408930102&lt;br/&gt;     Planken PCM, 2011, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V32, P975, DOI 10.1007/s10762-011-9824-3&lt;br/&gt;Acbas, Gheorghe Niessen, Katherine A. George, Deepu K. Snell, Edward Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena and Nanophotonics XVII&lt;br/&gt;Feb 03-06, 2013&lt;br/&gt;San Francisco, CA&lt;br/&gt;SPIE, Femtolasers Inc&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/G-2055-2018; George, Deepu/J-9882-2014&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/0000-0001-8714-3191; George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;National Science Foundation MRI2 [DBI2959989]&lt;br/&gt;We thank the National Science Foundation MRI2 grant DBI2959989 for support.&lt;br/&gt;1000 20th st, po box 10, bellingham, wa 98227-0010 usa&lt;br/&gt;0277-786x&lt;br/&gt;862305</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Acbas, Gheorghe|Niessen, Katherine A.|George, Deepu K.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Snell, Edward] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Struct Biol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Acbas, G (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singh, Rohit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, Deepu Koshy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedict, Jason B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korter, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Improved mode assignment for molecular crystals through anisotropic terahertz spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Journal of Physical Chemistry A</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">116</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10359-10364</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1089-5639</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellis, C. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stier, A. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tischler, J. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glaser, E. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers-Ward, R. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tedesco, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eddy, C. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaskill, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multi-component response in multilayer graphene revealed through terahertz and infrared magneto-spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wollongong, Australia</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acbas, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snell, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orientation Sensitive Terahertz Resonances Observed in Protein Crystals</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 37th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves</style></tertiary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mode</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieee</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-4673-1597-5</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;A method is presented for measuring anisotropic THz response for small crystals, Crystal Anisotropy Terahertz Microscopy (CATM). Sucrose CATM measurements find the expected anisotropic phonon resonances. CATM measurements of protein crystals find the expected broadband water absorption is suppressed and strong orientation and hydration dependent resonant features.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000330301800120</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BJT74&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 1&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 15&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Arora K, 2007, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V104, P18496, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0706443104&lt;br/&gt;     Bahar I, 2005, CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL, V15, P586, DOI 10.1016/j.sbi.2005.08.007&lt;br/&gt;     Balu R, 2008, BIOPHYS J, V94, P3217, DOI 10.1529/biophysj.107.105163&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS B, 1985, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V82, P4995, DOI 10.1073/pnas.82.15.4995&lt;br/&gt;     Goodey NM, 2008, NAT CHEM BIOL, V4, P474, DOI 10.1038/nchembio.98&lt;br/&gt;     Hammes-Schiffer S, 2006, ANNU REV BIOCHEM, V75, P519, DOI 10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142800&lt;br/&gt;     Jarymowycz VA, 2006, CHEM REV, V106, P1624, DOI 10.1021/cr040421p&lt;br/&gt;     Karplus M, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P6679, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408930102&lt;br/&gt;     Knab JR, 2010, APPL PHYS LETT, V97, DOI 10.1063/1.3467192&lt;br/&gt;     Lange OF, 2008, SCIENCE, V320, P1471, DOI 10.1126/science.1157092&lt;br/&gt;     Liu D, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V101, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.135501&lt;br/&gt;     Mellinger JS, 2007, J PHYS CHEM A, V111, P10977, DOI 10.1021/jp074975i&lt;br/&gt;     Planken PCM, 2011, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V32, P975, DOI 10.1007/s10762-011-9824-3&lt;br/&gt;     Rheinstadter MC, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V103, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.128104&lt;br/&gt;     Tych KM, 2011, J APPL CRYSTALLOGR, V44, P129, DOI 10.1107/S0021889810043372&lt;br/&gt;Acbas, Gheorghe Snell, Edward Markelz, A. G.&lt;br/&gt;Irmmw-thz&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;37th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)&lt;br/&gt;Sep 23-28, 2012&lt;br/&gt;Univ Wollongong, Wollongong, AUSTRALIA&lt;br/&gt;IEEE, USN, Off Naval Res Sci &amp; Technol, ETRI, UOW, Sch Engn Phys, Ctr Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices Opt Syst, Victoria Suntech Adv Solar Facil, Swinburne, Ctr Micro Photon, Edinburgh Photon, Tydex, TRAS Inc, Inst Photon &amp; Opt Sci, LakeShore, Australian Synchrotron, CSIRO, Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting &amp; Elect Mat, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Univ Sydney, IEEE Microwave Theory &amp; Tech Soc&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/G-2055-2018&lt;br/&gt;Snell, Edward/0000-0001-8714-3191&lt;br/&gt;345 e 47th st, new york, ny 10017 usa&lt;br/&gt;2162-2027</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Acbas, Gheorghe|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Acbas, G (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;amarkelz@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, Deepu K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stier, Andreas V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellis, Chase T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCombe, Bruce D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Černe, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz magneto-optical polarization modulation spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOSA BJOSA B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1406-1412</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1520-8540</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguilar, R. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stier, A. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilbro, L. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bansal, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oh, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armitage, N. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Response and Colossal Kerr Rotation from the Surface States of the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys. Rev. Lett.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bi2te3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-9007</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We report the THz response of thin films of the topological insulator Bi2Se3. At low frequencies, transport is essentially thickness independent showing the dominant contribution of the surface electrons. Despite their extended exposure to ambient conditions, these surfaces exhibit robust properties including narrow, almost thickness-independent Drude peaks, and an unprecedentedly large polarization rotation of linearly polarized light reflected in an applied magnetic field. This Kerr rotation can be as large as 65 degrees and can be explained by a cyclotron resonance effect of the surface states.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000300576000025</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 896NY&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 164&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 35&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Akhmerov AR, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V102, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.216404&lt;br/&gt;     Alpichshev Z, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V104, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.016401&lt;br/&gt;     Analytis JG, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.205407&lt;br/&gt;     Bansal N., ARXIV11045709&lt;br/&gt;     Benia HM, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.177602&lt;br/&gt;     Bianchi M, 2010, NAT COMMUN, V1, DOI 10.1038/ncomms1131&lt;br/&gt;     Butch NP, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.241301&lt;br/&gt;     Chen J, 2011, PHYS REV B, V83, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.241304&lt;br/&gt;     Chen YL, 2009, SCIENCE, V325, P178, DOI 10.1126/science.1173034&lt;br/&gt;     Essin AM, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V102, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.146805&lt;br/&gt;     Eto K, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.195309&lt;br/&gt;     Fu L, 2007, PHYS REV B, V76, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.045302&lt;br/&gt;     Fu L, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V100, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096407&lt;br/&gt;     Hsieh D, 2008, NATURE, V452, P970, DOI 10.1038/nature06843&lt;br/&gt;     Hsieh D, 2009, NATURE, V460, P1101, DOI 10.1038/nature08234&lt;br/&gt;     Jenkins GS, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.125120&lt;br/&gt;     King PDC, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.096802&lt;br/&gt;     LaForge AD, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.125120&lt;br/&gt;     Lan YP, 2011, PHYS REV B, V83, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.205109&lt;br/&gt;     Maciejko J, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V105, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.166803&lt;br/&gt;     Moore JE, 2007, PHYS REV B, V75, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.121306&lt;br/&gt;     Qi XL, 2008, PHYS REV B, V78, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.195424&lt;br/&gt;     Qu DX, 2010, SCIENCE, V329, P821, DOI 10.1126/science.1189792&lt;br/&gt;     Roushan P, 2009, NATURE, V460, P1106, DOI 10.1038/nature08308&lt;br/&gt;     Roy R, 2009, PHYS REV B, V79, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.195322&lt;br/&gt;     Steinberg H, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.233101&lt;br/&gt;     Sushkov AB, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.125110&lt;br/&gt;     THOULESS DJ, 1982, PHYS REV LETT, V49, P405, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.405&lt;br/&gt;     Tkachov G, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.035405&lt;br/&gt;     Tse WK, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.161104&lt;br/&gt;     Tse WK, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V105, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.057401&lt;br/&gt;     VONKLITZING K, 1980, PHYS REV LETT, V45, P494, DOI 10.1103/physrevlett.45.494&lt;br/&gt;     Xia Y, 2009, NAT PHYS, V5, P398, DOI 10.1038/NPHYS1274&lt;br/&gt;     Xiong J., PHYSICA A E IN PRESS&lt;br/&gt;     Zhang XA, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.245107&lt;br/&gt;Aguilar, R. Valdes Stier, A. V. Liu, W. Bilbro, L. S. George, D. K. Bansal, N. Wu, L. Cerne, J. Markelz, A. G. Oh, S. Armitage, N. P.&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/J-9882-2014; Aguilar, Rolando Valdes/A-6637-2012; Liu, Wei/H-5999-2012; Wu, Liang/C-8715-2015&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705; Aguilar, Rolando Valdes/0000-0002-4321-4792; Wu, Liang/0000-0003-1696-7809; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;&quot;Institute for Quantum Matter&quot; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER46544]; Gordon and Betty Moore FoundationGordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [MRI-R2 0959989, DMR-1006078, DMR-0845464]; IAMDN of Rutgers University; ONROffice of Naval Research [N000140910749]; Division Of Materials ResearchNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Mathematical &amp; Physical Sciences (MPS) [0845464] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;The authors would like to thank H. D. Drew, J. Hancock, Z. Hao, G. S. Jenkins, A. Kuzmenko, A. MacDonald, N. A. Mecholsky, A. J. Pearson, O. Tchernyshyov, W-K. Tse, and Y. Wan for helpful discussions and/or correspondences. Support for the measurements at JHU was provided under the auspices of the &quot;Institute for Quantum Matter&quot; DOE DE-FG02-08ER46544 and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The work at UB was supported by NSF MRI-R2 0959989 and NSF DMR-1006078. The work at Rutgers was supported by IAMDN of Rutgers University, NSF DMR-0845464 and ONR N000140910749.&lt;br/&gt;166&lt;br/&gt;3&lt;br/&gt;157&lt;br/&gt;Amer physical soc&lt;br/&gt;College pk</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">087403</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Aguilar, R. Valdes|Stier, A. V.|Liu, W.|Bilbro, L. S.|Wu, L.|Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Aguilar, R. Valdes|Stier, A. V.|Liu, W.|Bilbro, L. S.|Wu, L.|Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stier, A. V.|George, D. K.|Cerne, J.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Bansal, N.|Oh, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Aguilar, RV (corresponding author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.&lt;br/&gt;rvaldes@pha.jhu.edu|npa@pha.jhu.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stier, A. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koch, M.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magneto Optical Polarization Measurements using THz Polarization Modulation Spectroscopy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 36th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves</style></secondary-title><tertiary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves</style></tertiary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ieee</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-4577-0509-0</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We report a new broad band technique for rapidly measuring the complex Faraday and Kerr rotations in materials such as topological insulators and graphene, combining the distinct advantages of THz time domain spectroscopy and polarization modulation techniques. The performance of the system is demonstrated using GaAs two dimensional electron gas in a magnetic field.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000330296300202</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: BJT73&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 3&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Cerne J, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P8133, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.8133&lt;br/&gt;     Crassee I, 2011, NAT PHYS, V7, P48, DOI 10.1038/NPHYS1816&lt;br/&gt;     Tse WK, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V105, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.057401&lt;br/&gt;Stier, A. V. George, D. Markelz, A. G. Cerne, J.&lt;br/&gt;Irmmw-thz&lt;br/&gt;Proceedings Paper&lt;br/&gt;36th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)&lt;br/&gt;Oct 02-07, 2011&lt;br/&gt;Houston, TX&lt;br/&gt;Rice Univ, IEEE Microwave Theory &amp; Tech Soc, NASA, California Inst Technol, Jet Prop Lab, Univ Wollongong&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/J-9882-2014&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705&lt;br/&gt;345 e 47th st, new york, ny 10017 usa&lt;br/&gt;2162-2027</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Stier, A. V.|George, D.|Markelz, A. G.|Cerne, J.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Stier, AV (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singh, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Characterization of Phonons in Molecular Crystals </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Optics 2010</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rochester</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	We demonstrate a new technique for characterizing the phonons in molecular crystals, Modulated Orientation Sensitive Terahertz Spectroscopy (MOSTS). The technique suppresses crystal defects and solvent contributions, and enhances contributions due to molecular structure and anisotropy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Song, J. W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kabir, N. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kawano, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishibashi, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aizin, G. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mourokh, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reno, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bird, J. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz response of quantum point contacts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Physics LettersApplied Physics LettersApplied Physics Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">detector</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">devices</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">field-effect transistors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plasma-waves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resonant detection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">subterahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transport</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0003-6951</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We measure a clear terahertz response in the low-temperature conductance of a quantum point contact at 1.4 and 2.5 THz. We show that this photoresponse does not arise from a heating effect, but that it is instead excellently described by a classical model of terahertz-induced gate-voltage rectification. This effect is distinct from the rectification mechanisms that have been studied previously, being determined by the phase-dependent interference of the source drain and gate voltage modulations induced by the terahertz field. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000256527900083</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 310KL&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 25&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 21&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Aizin GR, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V91, DOI 10.1063/1.2800369&lt;br/&gt;     ARNONE DD, 1995, APPL PHYS LETT, V66, P3149, DOI 10.1063/1.113705&lt;br/&gt;     FENG SC, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P5354, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.48.5354&lt;br/&gt;     Hashiba H, 2004, APPL PHYS LETT, V85, P6036, DOI 10.1063/1.1834716&lt;br/&gt;     HU Q, 1993, APPL PHYS LETT, V62, P837, DOI 10.1063/1.108567&lt;br/&gt;     Hu Q, 1996, SEMICOND SCI TECH, V11, P1888, DOI 10.1088/0268-1242/11/12/021&lt;br/&gt;     JANSSEN TJBM, 1994, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V6, pL163, DOI 10.1088/0953-8984/6/13/002&lt;br/&gt;     Kabir NA, 2006, APPL PHYS LETT, V89, DOI 10.1063/1.2357605&lt;br/&gt;     KARADI C, 1994, J OPT SOC AM B, V11, P2566, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.11.002566&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P4637, DOI 10.1063/1.1525851&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P3433, DOI 10.1063/1.1473685&lt;br/&gt;     Lee M, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V86, DOI 10.1063/1.1851606&lt;br/&gt;     MITTLEMAN D, 2002, SPRINGER SERIES OPTI&lt;br/&gt;     Peralta XG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1627, DOI 10.1063/1.1497433&lt;br/&gt;     Ryzhii V, 2006, JPN J APPL PHYS 2, V45, pL1118, DOI 10.1143/JJAP.45.L1118&lt;br/&gt;     Shaner EA, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V90, DOI 10.1063/1.2735943&lt;br/&gt;     Shaner EA, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2128057&lt;br/&gt;     Teppe F, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2005394&lt;br/&gt;     VANHOUTEN H, 1992, SEMICONDUCT SEMIMET, P9&lt;br/&gt;     WYSS RA, 1993, APPL PHYS LETT, V63, P1522, DOI 10.1063/1.110736&lt;br/&gt;     WYSS RA, 1995, APPL PHYS LETT, V66, P1144, DOI 10.1063/1.113840&lt;br/&gt;Song, J. W. Kabir, N. A. Kawano, Y. Ishibashi, K. Aizin, G. R. Mourokh, L. Reno, J. L. Markelz, A. G. Bird, J. P.&lt;br/&gt;Ishibashi, Koji/G-7065-2012; Bird, Jonathan P/G-4068-2010&lt;br/&gt;Ishibashi, Koji/0000-0001-8131-9969; Bird, Jonathan P/0000-0002-6966-9007; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;27&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;6&lt;br/&gt;Amer inst physics&lt;br/&gt;Melville&lt;br/&gt;1077-3118</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">223115</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Song, J. W.|Kabir, N. A.|Bird, J. P.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kawano, Y.|Ishibashi, K.] RIKEN, Inst Phys &amp; Chem Res, Adv Device Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Aizin, G. R.] CUNY, Kingsborough Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11235 USA. [Mourokh, L.] CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Phys, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. [Reno, J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct &amp; Semicond Phys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Bird, JP (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;jbird@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kabir, N. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoon, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reno, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sadofyev, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Y. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bird, J. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz transmission characteristics of high-mobility GaAs and InAs two-dimensional-electron-gas systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Physics Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">field-effect transistors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photoconductivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plasma-waves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resonant detection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">subterahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0003-6951</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Frequency-dependent complex conductivity of high-mobility GaAs and InAs two-dimensional-electron-gas (2DEG) systems is studied by terahertz time domain spectroscopy. Determining the momentum relaxation time from a Drude model, the authors find a lower value than that from dc measurements, particularly at high frequencies/low temperatures. These deviations are consistent with the ratio tau(t)/tau(q,) where tau(q) is the full scattering time. This suggests that small-angle scattering leads to weaker heating of 2DEGs at low temperatures than expected from dc mobilit9y. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000240875800066</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 089JE&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 18&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 16&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     ANDO T, 1982, REV MOD PHYS, V54, P437, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.54.437&lt;br/&gt;     ANDO T, 1989, HIGH MAGNETIC FIELDS, V2, P164&lt;br/&gt;     Ashcroft NW, 1976, SOLID STATE PHYS, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Beard MC, 2000, PHYS REV B, V62, P15764, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.15764&lt;br/&gt;     Cerne J, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P8133, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.8133&lt;br/&gt;     COLERIDGE PT, 1991, PHYS REV B, V44, P3793, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.44.3793&lt;br/&gt;     Dorozhkin PS, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2035883&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P4637, DOI 10.1063/1.1525851&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P3433, DOI 10.1063/1.1473685&lt;br/&gt;     Kukushkin IV, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V86, DOI 10.1063/1.1856143&lt;br/&gt;     MADELUNG O, 1996, SEMICONDUCTORS BASIC, P109&lt;br/&gt;     MCKNIGHT SW, 1987, INFRARED PHYS, V27, P327, DOI 10.1016/0020-0891(87)90074-1&lt;br/&gt;     Peralta XG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1627, DOI 10.1063/1.1497433&lt;br/&gt;     Sadofyev YG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1833, DOI 10.1063/1.1504882&lt;br/&gt;     Shaner EA, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2128057&lt;br/&gt;     ZAWADZKI W, 1974, ADV PHYS, V23, P435, DOI 10.1080/00018737400101371&lt;br/&gt;Kabir, N. A. Yoon, Y. Knab, J. R. Chen, J. -Y. Markelz, A. G. Reno, J. L. Sadofyev, Y. Johnson, S. Zhang, Y. -H. Bird, J. P.&lt;br/&gt;Bird, Jonathan P/G-4068-2010&lt;br/&gt;Bird, Jonathan P/0000-0002-6966-9007; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;18&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;15&lt;br/&gt;Amer inst physics&lt;br/&gt;Melville</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">132109</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct &amp; Semicond Phys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Elect Res, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;jbird@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, Joseph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shah, Binni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Jing-Yin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Critical hydration and temperature effects on terahertz biomolecular sensing</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical and Biological Standoff Detection III</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Society for Optics and Photonics</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5995</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59950P</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolpert, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korolev, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachs, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cox, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moeckly, B.H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Direct measurements of optical phonons in SrTiO3 nanosystems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferroelectrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finite size</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mode softening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phonons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strontium titanate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003/07/01/</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386947703003059</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236 - 239</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1386-9477</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We use terahertz time domain spectroscopy to examine finite size effects on the optical phonon modes in SrTiO3 thin films. In temperature-dependent measurements we find a near absence of mode softening in the TO1 phonon frequency. Furthermore we see an increase in the soft mode frequency with reduced thickness. Both of these results correlate well with the reduced dielectric response observed for nanoscale ferroelectric systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwinn, E. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campman, K. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature of quasi-two-dimensional electron gases under steady-state terahertz drive</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Physics Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hot-electrons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">68</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">829-831</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0003-6951</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We use photoluminescence to study the time-average energy distribution of electrons in the presence of strong steady-state drive at terahertz (THz) frequencies, in a modulation-doped 125 Angstrom AlGaAs/GaAs square well that is held at low lattice temperature TL. We find that the energy distribution can be characterized by an effective electron temperature, T-e(&amp;gt;T-L), that agrees well with values estimated from the THz-illuminated, dc conductivity. This agreement indicates that under strong THz drive, LO phonon scattering dominates both energy and momentum relaxation; that the carrier distribution maintains a heated, thermal form; and that phonon drift effects are negligible. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1996TT66300035</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: TT663&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 59&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 12&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     ASMAR NG, 1995, PHYS REV B, V51, P18041, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.18041&lt;br/&gt;     BETHUNE DS, 1989, J OPT SOC AM B, V6, P910, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.6.000910&lt;br/&gt;     CERNE J, 1995, PHYS REV B, V51, P5253, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.5253&lt;br/&gt;     CONWELL E, 1967, SOLID STATE PHYS S, V9&lt;br/&gt;     GUPTA R, 1992, PHYS REV B, V46, P7745, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.7745&lt;br/&gt;     HEYMAN JN, 1994, PHYS REV LETT, V72, P2183, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.2183&lt;br/&gt;     KOMIYAMA S, 1985, PHYS REV B, V32, P5532, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.32.5532&lt;br/&gt;     MARKELZ AG, 1994, SOLID STATE ELECTRON, V37, P1243, DOI 10.1016/0038-1101(94)90399-9&lt;br/&gt;     MARKELZ AG, 1995, THESIS U CALIFORNIA&lt;br/&gt;     SHAH J, 1984, APPL PHYS LETT, V44, P322, DOI 10.1063/1.94739&lt;br/&gt;     SHAH J, 1978, SOLID STATE ELECTRON, V21, P43, DOI 10.1016/0038-1101(78)90113-2&lt;br/&gt;     YANG CH, 1985, PHYS REV LETT, V55, P2359, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.2359&lt;br/&gt;Asmar, NG Cerne, J Markelz, AG Gwinn, EG Sherwin, MS Campman, KL Gossard, AC&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;59&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;7&lt;br/&gt;Amer inst physics&lt;br/&gt;Woodbury</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,CTR FREE ELECTRON LASER STUDIES,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT ELECT &amp; COMP ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106.&lt;br/&gt;Asmar, NG (corresponding author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galdrikian, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heyman, J. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams, J. B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campman, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, P. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Undressing a collective intersubband excitation in a quantum well</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar 25</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2382-2385</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-9007</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We have experimentally measured the 1-2 intersubband absorption in a single 40 nm wide modulation-doped Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs square quantum well as a function of frequency, intensity, and charge density. The low-intensity depolarization-shifted absorption occurs near 80 cm(-1) (10 meV or 2.4 THz), nearly 30% higher than the intersubband spacing. At higher intensities, the absorption peak shifts to lower frequencies. Our data are in good agreement with a theory proposed by Zaluzny, which attributes the redshift to a reduction in the depolarization shift as the excited subband becomes populated.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1996UB14800044</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;78</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galdrikian, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heyman, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campman, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fafard, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, P. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NONLINEAR QUANTUM DYNAMICS IN SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM-WELLS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica D-Nonlinear Phenomena</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">229-242</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0167-2789</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We discuss recent measurements of the nonlinear response of electrons in wide quantum wells driven by intense electromagnetic radiation at terahertz frequencies. The theme is the interplay of quantum mechanics, strong periodic driving, the electron-electron interaction and dissipation. We discuss harmonic generation from an asymmetric double quantum well in which the effects of dynamic screening are important. Measurements and theory are found to be in good agreement. We also discuss intensity-dependent absorption in a 400 Angstrom square quantum well. A new nonlinear quantum effect occurs, in which the frequency at which electromagnetic radiation is absorbed shifts to the red with increasing intensity. The preliminary experimental results are in agreement with a theory by Zaluzny, in which the source of the nonlinearity is the self-consistent potential in the Hartree approximation for the electron dynamics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1995RA41200018</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;14th Annual International Conference of the Center-for-Nonlinear-Studies - Quantum Complexity in Mesoscopic Systems&lt;br/&gt;May 16-20, 1994&lt;br/&gt;Los alamos, nm&lt;br/&gt;Ctr nonlinear studies&lt;br/&gt;34</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allen, S. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sundaram, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanson, P. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bimberg, D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QUENCHING OF EXCITONIC QUANTUM-WELL PHOTOLUMINESCENCE BY INTENSE FAR-INFRARED RADIATION - FREE-CARRIER HEATING</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb 15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5253-5262</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0163-1829</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1995QP75800064</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;29</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwinn, E. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campman, K. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, P. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RESONANT-ENERGY RELAXATION OF TERAHERTZ-DRIVEN 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON GASES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun 15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18041-18044</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0163-1829</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1995RF85700093</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;119</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwinn, E. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heyman, J. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Far-infrared harmonic generation from semiconductor heterostructures</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPIE Proceedings</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1854</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48-55</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, C. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heyman, J. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campman, K. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, P. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FAR-INFRARED SATURATION SPECTROSCOPY OF A SINGLE SQUARE-WELL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semiconductor Science and Technology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semicond. Sci. Technol.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">627-629</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0268-1242</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We have performed saturation spectroscopy measurements of the lowest intersubband transition in a single 400 angstrom GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As modulation-doped square quantum well. We couple intense tunable far-infrared radiation from the Santa Barbara free electron laser into our sample using an edge-coupling technique and measure absorption as a function of frequency and intensity. Saturation and frequency shifts in the absorption line are clearly observed. We attribute the frequency shifts to reductions in the many-body depolarization shift. From our preliminary measurements, we estimate the intersubband relaxation time to be 600 ps to within a factor of three.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1994NM75300061</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;S&lt;br/&gt;8th International Conference on Hot Carriers in Semiconductors&lt;br/&gt;Aug 16-20, 1993&lt;br/&gt;Oxford univ, oxford, england&lt;br/&gt;Sci &amp; engn res council; royal soc; brit council; oxford univ&lt;br/&gt;31</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwinn, E. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GIANT 3RD-ORDER NONLINEAR SUSCEPTIBILITIES FOR INPLANE FAR-INFRARED EXCITATION OF SINGLE INAS QUANTUM-WELLS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solid-State Electronics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr-Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4-6</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1243-1245</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0038-1101</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Third-order, free-carrier nonlinear susceptibilities, chi(3), have been measured between 19 and 23 cm-1 for three InAs/AlSb quantum wells with sheet densities between 2.5 x 10(12) cm-2 and 8 x 10(12) cm-2. We find that these wells are strongly nonlinear at far-infrared frequencies: odd harmonics ninth order have been observed at high incident intensities, and the peak value of chi(3) reaches approximately 1 esu. This is several orders of magnitude larger than previously reported values for chi(3) in bulk n-GaAs (10(-4) esu)[1] and in polyacetylene (10(-7) esu)[2]. The large magnitude of chi(3) is attributed to the high carrier density in the InAs wells, and to the strong non-parabolicity of the conduction band in InAs. However, the free-carrier chi(3) for bulk InAs predicts a density-dependence different from that observed, and the measured decrease in chi(3) with increasing intensity indicates non-perturbative response. We find that the anisotropy of chi(3) displays the expected 4-fold symmetry.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1994NE79600163</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;6th International Conference on Modulated Semiconductor Structures&lt;br/&gt;Aug 23-27, 1993&lt;br/&gt;Garmisch partenkir, germany&lt;br/&gt;Tech univ munchen, walter schottky inst&lt;br/&gt;9</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allen, S. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, C. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guimaraes, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heyman, J. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaminski, J. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keay, B. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramian, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campman, K. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, P. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chow, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lui, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, T. Y.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PROBING TERAHERTZ DYNAMICS IN SEMICONDUCTOR NANOSTRUCTURES WITH UCSB FREE-ELECTRON LASERS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Luminescence</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">250-255</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0022-2313</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The UCSB free-electron lasers provide kilowatts of continuously tunable radiation from 120 GHz to 4.8 THz. They have the most impact on terahertz science and technology that require a tunable, high power source to explore non-linear dynamics or that sacrifice incident power to recover the linear response of systems with very small cross-section. We describe three experiments that demonstrate the utility of these lasers in experiments on the terahertz dynamics of semiconductor nanostructures: (i) terahertz dynamics of resonant tunneling diodes, (ii) saturation spectroscopy of quantum wells and (iii) photon-assisted tunneling in superlattices.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1994NR36100065</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017; Guimaraes, Paulo Sergio Soares/B-6918-2012&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Guimaraes, Paulo Sergio Soares/0000-0002-0113-2641; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;1993 International Conference on Luminescence (ICL 93)&lt;br/&gt;Aug 09-13, 1993&lt;br/&gt;Univ connecticut, storrs, ct&lt;br/&gt;Univ connecticut; opt soc amer; amer phys soc; ieee, laser &amp; electro opt soc; int union pure &amp; appl phys; int sci fdn; univ connecticut res fdn&lt;br/&gt;3</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwinn, E. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUBCUBIC POWER DEPENDENCE OF 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION FOR INPLANE, FAR-INFRARED EXCITATION OF INAS QUANTUM-WELLS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semiconductor Science and Technology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semicond. Sci. Technol.</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">634-637</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0268-1242</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Large third-order, free-carrier nonlinear susceptibilities, chi(3) (to approximately 0.2 esu), and subcubic dependence of the third-harmonic power on the incident intensity, have been observed between 19 cm-1 and 23 cm-1 for InAs/AlSb quantum wells with electron sheet densities between 2.5 x 10(12) cm-2 and 8 X 10(12) cm-2. We find that the transmission of the fundamental, and the samples&#039; DC conductivity, decrease with increasing incident intensity, indicating a large rise in the scattering rate. Using the intensity-dependent transmission to account for absorption in the sample is not sufficient to recover a cubic power law for the third-harmonic intensity. In addition, given the increased scattering rate indicated by the conductivity data, the bulk free-carrier chi(3) due to non-parabolicity should decrease dramatically with increasing fundamental intensity, contrary to our results. Thus, non-parabolicity alone cannot account for the observed third-harmonic response.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1994NM75300063</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;S&lt;br/&gt;8th International Conference on Hot Carriers in Semiconductors&lt;br/&gt;Aug 16-20, 1993&lt;br/&gt;Oxford univ, oxford, england&lt;br/&gt;Sci &amp; engn res council; royal soc; brit council; oxford univ&lt;br/&gt;4</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bewley, W. W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, C. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galdrikian, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gwinn, E. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, P. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sundaram, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birnir, B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Far-infrared nonlinear response of electrons in semiconductor nanostructures</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPIE Proceedings</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1854</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">36-47</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nickel, J. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheven, U. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hultgren, C. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heaney, P. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veblen, D. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hazen, R. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8 NEW HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS WITH THE 1-2-4 STRUCTURE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7347-7350</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0163-1829</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1989T985500074</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheven, Ulrich/D-7582-2013&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319; Scheven, Ulrich/0000-0001-8111-0081&lt;br/&gt;B&lt;br/&gt;241</style></notes></record></records></xml>