<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mukherjee, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seo, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arik, M. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, C. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirzhner, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armitage, N. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koren, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linear dichroism infrared resonance in overdoped, underdoped, and optimally doped cuprate superconductors</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys. Rev. B</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Materials Science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2469-9950</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;By measuring the polarization changes in terahertz, infrared, and visible radiation over an extended energy range (3-2330 meV), we observe symmetry breaking in cuprate high-temperature superconductors over wide energy, doping, and temperature ranges. We measure the polarization rotation (Re[theta(F)]) and ellipticity (Im[theta(F)]) of transmitted radiation through thin films as the sample is rotated. We observe a twofold rotational symmetry in theta(F), which is associated with linear dichroism (LD) and occurs when electromagnetic radiation polarized along one direction is absorbed more strongly than radiation polarized in the perpendicular direction. Such polarization anisotropies can be generally associated with symmetry breakings. We measure the amplitude of the LD signal and study its temperature, energy, and doping dependence. The LD signal shows a resonant behavior with a peak in the few hundred meV range, which is coincident with the midinfrared optical feature that has been associated with the formation of the pseudogap state. The strongest LD signal is found in underdoped films, although it is also observed in optimally and overdoped samples. The LD signal is consistent with an electronic nematic order which is decoupled from the crystallographic axes as well as novel magnetoelectric effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000562627700004</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: NE5GO&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 30&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V103, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.137201&lt;br/&gt;     Armitage NP, 2014, PHYS REV B, V90, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.035135&lt;br/&gt;     Arpaia R, 2018, PHY REV MATER, V2, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.024804&lt;br/&gt;     Basov DN, 2005, REV MOD PHYS, V77, P721, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.77.721&lt;br/&gt;     Blumberg G, 1996, PHYS REV B, V53, P11930, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.R11930&lt;br/&gt;     Cerne J, 2000, PHYS REV LETT, V84, P3418, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3418&lt;br/&gt;     Fauque B, 2006, PHYS REV LETT, V96, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.197001&lt;br/&gt;     Fridman I, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.104522&lt;br/&gt;     George DK, 2012, J OPT SOC AM B, V29, P1406, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.29.001406&lt;br/&gt;     Halperin B. I., 1991, SPRINGER P PHYS, V60, P439&lt;br/&gt;     Humlicek J, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P14554, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.14554&lt;br/&gt;     KOREN G, 1989, APPL PHYS LETT, V54, P1054, DOI 10.1063/1.101559&lt;br/&gt;     Koren G, 2016, PHYS REV B, V94, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.174515&lt;br/&gt;     Lubashevsky Y, 2014, PHYS REV LETT, V112, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.147001&lt;br/&gt;     Mukherjee A, 2019, PHYS REV B, V99, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.99.085440&lt;br/&gt;     Nie LM, 2014, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V111, P7980, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1406019111&lt;br/&gt;     Orenstein J, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.067002&lt;br/&gt;     PISAREV RV, 1991, PHASE TRANSIT, V37, P63, DOI 10.1080/01411599108203448&lt;br/&gt;     Simon ME, 2002, PHYS REV LETT, V89, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.247003&lt;br/&gt;     TROFIMOV IE, 1994, APPL PHYS LETT, V65, P2481, DOI 10.1063/1.112671&lt;br/&gt;     Varma CM, 2014, EPL-EUROPHYS LETT, V106, DOI 10.1209/0295-5075/106/27001&lt;br/&gt;     Varma CM, 1997, PHYS REV B, V55, P14554, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.14554&lt;br/&gt;     Wu J, 2017, NATURE, V547, P432, DOI 10.1038/nature23290&lt;br/&gt;     Xia J, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V100, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.127002&lt;br/&gt;     Yakes MK, 2010, NANO LETT, V10, P1559, DOI 10.1021/nl9035302&lt;br/&gt;     Yakovenko VM, 2015, PHYSICA B, V460, P159, DOI 10.1016/j.physb.2014.11.060&lt;br/&gt;     Zhang H, 2018, PHYS REV MATER, V2, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.033803&lt;br/&gt;     Zhang J, 2018, SCI ADV, V4, DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aao5235&lt;br/&gt;     Zhao L, 2017, NAT PHYS, V13, P250, DOI [10.1038/nphys3962, 10.1038/NPHYS3962]&lt;br/&gt;     Zhao L., 2018, ENCY MODERN OPTICS, P207&lt;br/&gt;Mukherjee, A. Seo, J. Arik, M. M. Zhang, H. Zhang, C. C. Kirzhner, T. George, D. K. Markelz, A. G. Armitage, N. P. Koren, G. Wei, J. Y. T. Cerne, J.&lt;br/&gt;NSF-DMR GrantNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1410599]; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [MCB 1616529, DMR 1905519]; DOEUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0016317]; NSERCNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); CFI-OITCanada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Institute for Advanced ResearchCanadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)&lt;br/&gt;We are indebted to D. Hsieh, S. A. Kivelson, C. M. Varma, and L. Zhao for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge support from NSF-DMR Grant No. 1410599 (J.C.). A.G.M. and D.K.G. were supported by NSF Grant No. MCB 1616529 and DOE Grant No. DE-SC0016317. Work in Toronto was supported by NSERC, CFI-OIT, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. J.Y.T.W. thanks Kejun Xu for laboratory assistance in Toronto. N.P.A. was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR 1905519.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;9&lt;br/&gt;Amer physical soc&lt;br/&gt;College pk&lt;br/&gt;2469-9969</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">054520</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Mukherjee, A.|Seo, J.|Arik, M. M.|George, D. K.|Markelz, A. G.|Cerne, J.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Zhang, H.|Zhang, C. C.|Wei, J. Y. T.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Kirzhner, T.|Koren, G.] Technion, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Mukherjee, A (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhillon, S. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitiello, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linfield, E. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Booske, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paoloni, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gensch, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weightman, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams, G. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro-Camus, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cumming, D. R. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simoens, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escorcia-Carranza, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grant, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucyszyn, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuwata-Gonokami, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konishi, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koch, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmuttenmaer, C. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cocker, T. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huber, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor, Z. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallace, V. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeitler, J. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sibik, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korter, T. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellison, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rea, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goldsmith, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooper, K. B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appleby, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardo, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huggard, P. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krozer, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shams, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fice, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renaud, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeds, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stohr, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naftaly, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridler, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cunningham, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnston, M. B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The 2017 terahertz science and technology roadmap</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ex-vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">generation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metal wave-guides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">near-field</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photoconductive emitters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quantum-cascade lasers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semiconductors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time-domain spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0022-3727</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Science and technologies based on terahertz frequency electromagnetic radiation (100 GHz-30 THz) have developed rapidly over the last 30 years. For most of the 20th Century, terahertz radiation, then referred to as sub-millimeter wave or far-infrared radiation, was mainly utilized by astronomers and some spectroscopists. Following the development of laser based terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in the 1980s and 1990s the field of THz science and technology expanded rapidly, to the extent that it now touches many areas from fundamental science to &#039;real world&#039; applications. For example THz radiation is being used to optimize materials for new solar cells, and may also be a key technology for the next generation of airport security scanners. While the field was emerging it was possible to keep track of all new developments, however now the field has grown so much that it is increasingly difficult to follow the diverse range of new discoveries and applications that are appearing. At this point in time, when the field of THz science and technology is moving from an emerging to a more established and interdisciplinary field, it is apt to present a roadmap to help identify the breadth and future directions of the field. The aim of this roadmap is to present a snapshot of the present state of THz science and technology in 2017, and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds. To be able to achieve this aim, we have invited a group of international experts to write 18 sections that cover most of the key areas of THz science and technology. We hope that The 2017 Roadmap on THz science and technology will prove to be a useful resource by providing a wide ranging introduction to the capabilities of THz radiation for those outside or just entering the field as well as providing perspective and breadth for those who are well established. We also feel that this review should serve as a useful guide for government and funding agencies.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000392153700001</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: EI0HL&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 541&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 209&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Adam AJL, 2011, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V32, P976, DOI 10.1007/s10762-011-9809-2&lt;br/&gt;     Ahmed SS, 2012, IEEE MICROW MAG, V13, P26, DOI 10.1109/MMM.2012.2205772&lt;br/&gt;     Alliance N., 2015, CISC VIS NETW IND GL, P1&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2013, 178512012 IEEE&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2014, IEEE T ELECT DEVICES, V61&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2012, 178522016 IEEE&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2015, P17852 IEEE&lt;br/&gt;     Appleby R, 2015, P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS, V9462&lt;br/&gt;     Arnone DD, 1999, PROC SPIE, V3828, P209, DOI 10.1117/12.361037&lt;br/&gt;     Ashworth PC, 2009, OPT EXPRESS, V17, P12444, DOI 10.1364/OE.17.012444&lt;br/&gt;     AUSTON DH, 1988, IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT, V24, P184, DOI 10.1109/3.114&lt;br/&gt;     Barbieri S, 2011, NAT PHOTONICS, V5, P306, DOI [10.1038/NPHOTON.2011.49, 10.1038/nphoton.2011.49]&lt;br/&gt;     Barker RJ., 2005, MODERN MICROWAVE MIL&lt;br/&gt;     Basov DN, 2011, REV MOD PHYS, V83, P471, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.83.471&lt;br/&gt;     Bauwens M. F., 2014, P IEEEMTT S INT MICR, P1, DOI [10.1109/MWSYM.2014.68486 07, DOI 10.1109/MWSYM.2014.6848607]&lt;br/&gt;     Beard MC, 2002, NANO LETT, V2, P983, DOI 10.1021/nl0256210&lt;br/&gt;     Beard MC, 2000, PHYS REV B, V62, P15764, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.15764&lt;br/&gt;     Bechtel HA, 2014, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V111, P7191, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1400502111&lt;br/&gt;     Belkin MA, 2008, OPT EXPRESS, V16, P3242, DOI 10.1364/OE.16.003242&lt;br/&gt;     Belkin MA, 2015, PHYS SCRIPTA, V90, DOI 10.1088/0031-8949/90/11/118002&lt;br/&gt;     Bell R., 2012, INTRO FOURIER TRANSF&lt;br/&gt;     Berry CW, 2013, NAT COMMUN, V4, DOI 10.1038/ncomms2638&lt;br/&gt;     Blanchard F, 2011, OPT EXPRESS, V19, P8277, DOI 10.1364/OE.19.008277&lt;br/&gt;     Blau J, 2013, P FREE EL LAS FEL 20, P486&lt;br/&gt;     Booske JH, 2011, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V1, P54, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2011.2151610&lt;br/&gt;     Booske JH, 2008, PHYS PLASMAS, V15, DOI 10.1063/1.2838240&lt;br/&gt;     Boppel S, 2012, 2012 IEEE 12TH TOPICAL MEETING ON SILICON MONOLITHIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS IN RF SYSTEMS (SIRF), P77, DOI 10.1109/SiRF.2012.6160142&lt;br/&gt;     Burghoff D, 2014, NAT PHOTONICS, V8, P462, DOI 10.1038/nphoton.2014.85&lt;br/&gt;     Busch SF, 2014, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V35, P993, DOI 10.1007/s10762-014-0113-9&lt;br/&gt;     Byrne MB, 2011, APPL PHYS LETT, V98, DOI 10.1063/1.3579258&lt;br/&gt;     Carr GL, 2002, NATURE, V420, P153, DOI 10.1038/nature01175&lt;br/&gt;     Carranza IE, 2015, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V5, P892, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2015.2463673&lt;br/&gt;     Castro-Camus E, 2007, OPT EXPRESS, V15, P7047, DOI 10.1364/OE.15.007047&lt;br/&gt;     Chan WL, 2007, REP PROG PHYS, V70, P1325, DOI 10.1088/0034-4885/70/8/R02&lt;br/&gt;     Chattopadhyay G, 2011, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V1, P33, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2011.2159561&lt;br/&gt;     Chen HT, 2003, APPL PHYS LETT, V83, P3009, DOI 10.1063/1.1616668&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JN, 2012, NATURE, V487, P77, DOI 10.1038/nature11254&lt;br/&gt;     Cocker T L, 2016, J PHYS D, V16, P1421&lt;br/&gt;     Cocker TL, 2013, NAT PHOTONICS, V7, P620, DOI [10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.151, 10.1038/nphoton.2013.151]&lt;br/&gt;     Coleman B, 2001, Issue Brief (Public Policy Inst (Am Assoc Retired Pers)), P1&lt;br/&gt;     Cooper KB, 2014, IEEE MICROW MAG, V15, P51, DOI 10.1109/MMM.2014.2356092&lt;br/&gt;     Cruz F C, 2007, C MICR OPT&lt;br/&gt;     Cunningham J, 2010, ELECTRON LETT, V46, pS34, DOI 10.1049/el.2010.3317&lt;br/&gt;     Dean P, 2011, OPT LETT, V36, P2587, DOI 10.1364/OL.36.002587&lt;br/&gt;     Dietz RJB, 2014, OPT LETT, V39, P6482, DOI 10.1364/OL.39.006482&lt;br/&gt;     Dietz RJB, 2014, OPT EXPRESS, V22, P19411, DOI 10.1364/OE.22.019411&lt;br/&gt;     Dobrovolsky V, 2007, SEMICOND SCI TECH, V22, P103, DOI 10.1088/0268-1242/22/2/017&lt;br/&gt;     Ducournau G, 2014, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V4, P328, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2014.2309006&lt;br/&gt;     Dunsmore J.P., 2012, HDB MICROWAVE COMPON&lt;br/&gt;     Duvillaret L, 1999, APPL OPTICS, V38, P409, DOI 10.1364/AO.38.000409&lt;br/&gt;     Eisele M, 2014, NAT PHOTONICS, V8, P841, DOI [10.1038/nphoton.2014.225, 10.1038/NPHOTON.2014.225]&lt;br/&gt;     Falconer RJ, 2012, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V33, P973, DOI 10.1007/s10762-012-9915-9&lt;br/&gt;     Fathololoumi S, 2012, OPT EXPRESS, V20, P3866, DOI 10.1364/OE.20.003866&lt;br/&gt;     Fausti D, 2011, SCIENCE, V331, P189, DOI 10.1126/science.1197294&lt;br/&gt;     Federici J, 2010, J APPL PHYS, V107, DOI 10.1063/1.3386413&lt;br/&gt;     Fei Z, 2012, NATURE, V487, P82, DOI 10.1038/nature11253&lt;br/&gt;     FETTERMAN HR, 1974, APPL PHYS LETT, V24, P70, DOI 10.1063/1.1655098&lt;br/&gt;     Freeman JR, 2013, OPT EXPRESS, V21, P16162, DOI 10.1364/OE.21.016162&lt;br/&gt;     Frisk U, 2003, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V402, pL27, DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20030335&lt;br/&gt;     Garet F, 2014, APPL PHYS LETT, V105, DOI 10.1063/1.4890732&lt;br/&gt;     Gavrilov NG, 2007, NUCL INSTRUM METH A, V575, P54, DOI 10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.023&lt;br/&gt;     Gensch M., 2013, P 35 INT FREE EL LAS, P474&lt;br/&gt;     George DK, 2012, J OPT SOC AM B, V29, P1406, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.29.001406&lt;br/&gt;     Giliberti V, 2013, APPL PHYS LETT, V103, DOI 10.1063/1.4819734&lt;br/&gt;     Grant J, 2013, LASER PHOTONICS REV, V7, P1043, DOI 10.1002/lpor.201300087&lt;br/&gt;     Green B, 2016, SCI REP-UK, V6, DOI 10.1038/srep22256&lt;br/&gt;     Griffith P.R., 2007, FOURIER TRANSFORM IN&lt;br/&gt;     GRISCHKOWSKY D, 1990, J OPT SOC AM B, V7, P2006, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.7.002006&lt;br/&gt;     Gruene P, 2008, SCIENCE, V321, P674, DOI 10.1126/science.1161166&lt;br/&gt;     Han NR, 2014, OPT LETT, V39, P3480, DOI 10.1364/OL.39.003480&lt;br/&gt;     Han RN, 2013, IEEE J SOLID-ST CIRC, V48, P2296, DOI 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2269856&lt;br/&gt;     Hanham SM, 2015, APPL PHYS LETT, V107, DOI 10.1063/1.4927242&lt;br/&gt;     Hassel J, 2015, PROC SPIE, V9651, DOI 10.1117/12.2197522&lt;br/&gt;     Hauri CP, 2011, APPL PHYS LETT, V99, DOI 10.1063/1.3655331&lt;br/&gt;     He W, 2015, APPL PHYS LETT, V107, DOI 10.1063/1.4932099&lt;br/&gt;     Hebling J, 2002, OPT EXPRESS, V10, P1161, DOI 10.1364/OE.10.001161&lt;br/&gt;     Heinz E, 2015, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V36, P879, DOI 10.1007/s10762-015-0170-8&lt;br/&gt;     Henry SC, 2012, OPT ENG, V51, DOI 10.1117/1.OE.51.9.091603&lt;br/&gt;     Hesler J L, 2006, P 7 INT S SPAC TER T, P215&lt;br/&gt;     Hintzsche H, 2012, CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC, V42, P2408, DOI 10.1080/10643389.2011.574206&lt;br/&gt;     Hishida M, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V106, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.158102&lt;br/&gt;     Ho IC, 2010, OPT EXPRESS, V18, P2872, DOI 10.1364/OE.18.002872&lt;br/&gt;     HU BB, 1995, OPT LETT, V20, P1716, DOI 10.1364/OL.20.001716&lt;br/&gt;     Huang C, 2012, PHYS REV B, V85&lt;br/&gt;     Huber R, 2001, NATURE, V414, P286, DOI 10.1038/35104522&lt;br/&gt;     Jankowiak A., 2013, Synchrotron Radiation News, V26, P22, DOI 10.1080/08940886.2013.791212&lt;br/&gt;     Jepsen PU, 2007, CHEM PHYS LETT, V442, P275, DOI 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.05.112&lt;br/&gt;     Jepsen PU, 2011, LASER PHOTONICS REV, V5, P124, DOI 10.1002/lpor.201000011&lt;br/&gt;     Jepsen PU, 2005, OPT LETT, V30, P29, DOI 10.1364/OL.30.000029&lt;br/&gt;     JUICE-Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer, 2014, SRE20141 JUICE EUR S, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Kallfass I, 2011, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V1, P477, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2011.2160021&lt;br/&gt;     Kampfrath T, 2013, NAT PHOTONICS, V7, P680, DOI [10.1038/nphoton.2013.184, 10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.184]&lt;br/&gt;     Kan T, 2015, NAT COMMUN, V6, DOI 10.1038/ncomms9422&lt;br/&gt;     Karpowicz N, 2008, APPL PHYS LETT, V92, DOI 10.1063/1.2828709&lt;br/&gt;     Kehr SC, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V100, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.256403&lt;br/&gt;     Kemp MC, 2011, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V1, P282, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2011.2159647&lt;br/&gt;     Khalid A, 2014, J APPL PHYS, V115, DOI 10.1063/1.4868705&lt;br/&gt;     Kirley MP, 2015, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V5, P1012, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2015.2468074&lt;br/&gt;     Kiwa T, 2003, OPT LETT, V28, P2058, DOI 10.1364/OL.28.002058&lt;br/&gt;     Koch M, 2001, NATO SCI SER II MATH, V27, P241&lt;br/&gt;     Koenig S, 2013, NAT PHOTONICS, V7, P977, DOI [10.1038/nphoton.2013.275, 10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.275]&lt;br/&gt;     Kohler R, 2002, NATURE, V417, P156, DOI 10.1038/417156a&lt;br/&gt;     Koppens FHL, 2014, NAT NANOTECHNOL, V9, P780, DOI [10.1038/nnano.2014.215, 10.1038/NNANO.2014.215]&lt;br/&gt;     Kosarev A, 2010, SOLID STATE ELECTRON, V54, P417, DOI 10.1016/j.sse.2009.12.032&lt;br/&gt;     Kundu I, 2014, OPT EXPRESS, V22, P16595, DOI 10.1364/OE.22.016595&lt;br/&gt;     Kuznetsov SA, 2010, KEY ENG MATER, V437, P276, DOI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.437.276&lt;br/&gt;     Langevin Y, 2005, PAYLOAD MISSION DEFI&lt;br/&gt;     LaRue JL, 2015, PHYS REV LETT, V115, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.036103&lt;br/&gt;     Leitenstorfer A, 2014, NEW J PHYS, V16, DOI 10.1088/1367-2630/16/4/045016&lt;br/&gt;     Leitner DM, 2006, INT REV PHYS CHEM, V25, P553, DOI 10.1080/01442350600862117&lt;br/&gt;     Li LH, 2014, ELECTRON LETT, V50, P309, DOI 10.1049/el.2013.4035&lt;br/&gt;     Liu L, 2010, IEEE MICROW WIREL CO, V20, P504, DOI 10.1109/LMWC.2010.2055553&lt;br/&gt;     Liu SC, 2016, OPT EXPRESS, V24, P2728, DOI 10.1364/OE.24.002728&lt;br/&gt;     Lu X H, 2008, P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS, V7277&lt;br/&gt;     Luukanen A, 2003, APPL PHYS LETT, V82, P3970, DOI 10.1063/1.1579562&lt;br/&gt;     Mann C, 2009, P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS, V7311, P3970&lt;br/&gt;     Mickan S, 2004, PROC SPIE, V5277, P54, DOI 10.1117/12.530386&lt;br/&gt;     Mineo M, 2010, IEEE T ELECTRON DEV, V57, P3169, DOI 10.1109/TED.2010.2071876&lt;br/&gt;     Mittleman DM, 1996, IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT, V2, P679, DOI 10.1109/2944.571768&lt;br/&gt;     Mittleman DM, 1999, APPL PHYS B-LASERS O, V68, P1085, DOI 10.1007/s003400050750&lt;br/&gt;     Moon K, 2012, APPL PHYS LETT, V101, DOI 10.1063/1.4733475&lt;br/&gt;     Muller AS, 2010, REV ACCEL SCI TECH, V3, P165, DOI 10.1142/S1793626810000427&lt;br/&gt;     Muller R, 2015, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V36, P654, DOI 10.1007/s10762-015-0163-7&lt;br/&gt;     Naftaly M, 2015, TERAHERTZ METROLOGY, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Nagai M, 2015, OPT EXPRESS, V23, P4641, DOI 10.1364/OE.23.004641&lt;br/&gt;     Nagatsuma T, 2012, OPT EXPRESS, V21, P477&lt;br/&gt;     Nagel M, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P154, DOI 10.1063/1.1428619&lt;br/&gt;     Navarro-Cia M, 2015, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V36, P542, DOI 10.1007/s10762-015-0157-5&lt;br/&gt;     Nielsen K, 2009, OPT EXPRESS, V17, P8592, DOI 10.1364/OE.17.008592&lt;br/&gt;     Niessen Katherine A, 2015, Biophys Rev, V7, P201, DOI 10.1007/s12551-015-0168-4&lt;br/&gt;     Nordquist CD, 2011, IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT, V17, P130, DOI 10.1109/JSTQE.2010.2049095&lt;br/&gt;     Oh SJ, 2012, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V33, P74, DOI 10.1007/s10762-011-9847-9&lt;br/&gt;     Ojefors E, 2009, IEEE J SOLID-ST CIRC, V44, P1968, DOI 10.1109/JSSC.2009.2021911&lt;br/&gt;     Ortolani M, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V97&lt;br/&gt;     Ozerov M, 2014, PHYS REV LETT, V113, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.157205&lt;br/&gt;     Paoloni C, 2013, IEEE T ELECTRON DEV, V60, P1236, DOI 10.1109/TED.2013.2240686&lt;br/&gt;     Parrott EPJ, 2015, APPL SPECTROSC, V69, P1, DOI 10.1366/14-07707&lt;br/&gt;     Patrashin M, 2015, IEEE T ELECTRON DEV, V62, P1068, DOI 10.1109/TED.2015.2393358&lt;br/&gt;     Peiponen K. E., 2013, TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCO, V171&lt;br/&gt;     Peng K, 2015, NANO LETT, V15, P206, DOI 10.1021/nl5033843&lt;br/&gt;     Pickwell E, 2004, APPL PHYS LETT, V84, P2190, DOI 10.1063/1.1688448&lt;br/&gt;     Ponnampalam L, 2011, J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL, V29, P2229, DOI 10.1109/JLT.2011.2158186&lt;br/&gt;     Pupeza I, 2007, OPT EXPRESS, V15, P4335, DOI 10.1364/OE.15.004335&lt;br/&gt;     Rauter P, 2015, LASER PHOTONICS REV, V9, P452, DOI 10.1002/lpor.201500095&lt;br/&gt;     Reid CB, 2011, PHYS MED BIOL, V56, P4333, DOI 10.1088/0031-9155/56/14/008&lt;br/&gt;     Reid J R, 2012, IEEE 12 TOP M SIL MO, P17&lt;br/&gt;     Rosch M, 2015, NAT PHOTONICS, V9, P42, DOI [10.1038/nphoton.2014.279, 10.1038/NPHOTON.2014.279]&lt;br/&gt;     Rudd JV, 2000, PROC SPIE, V3934, P27, DOI 10.1117/12.386344&lt;br/&gt;     Rymanov V, 2015, PHOTONICS, V2, DOI 10.3390/photonics2041152&lt;br/&gt;     SANTOS Daisy Conceicao, 2014, THESIS&lt;br/&gt;     Scherger B, 2011, APPL OPTICS, V50, P2256, DOI 10.1364/AO.50.002256&lt;br/&gt;     Schleicher JM, 2009, J APPL PHYS, V105, DOI 10.1063/1.3133093&lt;br/&gt;     Schumann S, 2012, OPT EXPRESS, V20, P19200, DOI 10.1364/OE.20.019200&lt;br/&gt;     Seeds AJ, 2015, J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL, V33, P579, DOI 10.1109/JLT.2014.2355137&lt;br/&gt;     Sell A, 2008, OPT LETT, V33, P2767, DOI 10.1364/OL.33.002767&lt;br/&gt;     Shams H, 2015, IEEE PHOTONICS J, V7, DOI 10.1109/JPHOT.2015.2438437&lt;br/&gt;     Shams H, 2014, OPT EXPRESS, V22, P23465, DOI 10.1364/OE.22.023465&lt;br/&gt;     Shen YC, 2004, APPL PHYS LETT, V85, P164, DOI 10.1063/1.1768313&lt;br/&gt;     Simoens F., 2014, PHILOS T A, V372, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Simoens F, 2011, 36 INT C INFR MILL T, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Singh A, 2015, OPT EXPRESS, V23, P6656, DOI 10.1364/OE.23.006656&lt;br/&gt;     Sirtori C, 2013, NAT PHOTONICS, V7, P691, DOI [10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.208, 10.1038/nphoton.2013.208]&lt;br/&gt;     SMITH PR, 1988, IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT, V24, P255, DOI 10.1109/3.121&lt;br/&gt;     Son JH, 2013, NANOTECHNOLOGY, V24, DOI 10.1088/0957-4484/24/21/214001&lt;br/&gt;     Swinyard B, 2013, SPIE SENSORS SYSTEMS&lt;br/&gt;     Sy S, 2010, PHYS MED BIOL, V55, P7587, DOI 10.1088/0031-9155/55/24/013&lt;br/&gt;     Taylor ZD, 2015, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V5, P184, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2015.2392628&lt;br/&gt;     Teppati V, 2013, CAMB RF MICROW ENG, P1, DOI 10.1017/CBO9781139567626&lt;br/&gt;     Tewari P, 2012, P SPIE, V8261&lt;br/&gt;     Thomas B., 2014, P 39 INT C INFR MILL, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Thumm M, 2014, KIT SCI REPORTS, V7693&lt;br/&gt;     Tonouchi M, 2007, NAT PHOTONICS, V1, P97, DOI 10.1038/nphoton.2007.3&lt;br/&gt;     Truong BCQ, 2015, IEEE T BIO-MED ENG, V62, P699, DOI 10.1109/TBME.2014.2364025&lt;br/&gt;     Turcinkova D, 2015, APPL PHYS LETT, V106, DOI 10.1063/1.4916653&lt;br/&gt;     Turner GM, 2002, J PHYS CHEM B, V106, P11716, DOI 10.1021/jp025844e&lt;br/&gt;     van der Valk NCJ, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1558, DOI 10.1063/1.1503404&lt;br/&gt;     van Dijk F, 2014, IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L, V26, P965, DOI 10.1109/LPT.2014.2309353&lt;br/&gt;     Vicario C, 2014, PHYS REV LETT, V112, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.213901&lt;br/&gt;     Vinh NQ, 2015, J CHEM PHYS, V142, DOI 10.1063/1.4918708&lt;br/&gt;     Vitiello MS, 2012, NAT PHOTONICS, V6, P525, DOI 10.1038/nphoton.2012.145&lt;br/&gt;     Vitiello MS, 2015, OPT EXPRESS, V23, P5167, DOI 10.1364/OE.23.005167&lt;br/&gt;     Vitiello MS, 2014, NAT COMMUN, V5, DOI 10.1038/ncomms6884&lt;br/&gt;     Wade A, 2009, NAT PHOTONICS, V3, P41, DOI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2008.251&lt;br/&gt;     Wallace B., 2015, SPIE NEWSROOM, DOI [10.1117/2.1201503.005871, DOI 10.1117/2.1201503.005871]&lt;br/&gt;     Wallace VP, 2004, BRIT J DERMATOL, V151, P424, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06129.x&lt;br/&gt;     Wang FH, 2015, OPTICA, V2, P944, DOI 10.1364/OPTICA.2.000944&lt;br/&gt;     Weightman P, 2012, PHYS BIOL, V9, DOI 10.1088/1478-3975/9/5/053001&lt;br/&gt;     Wienold M, 2014, OPT EXPRESS, V22, P3334, DOI 10.1364/OE.22.003334&lt;br/&gt;     Wilk R, 2007, C LAS EL BALT MD&lt;br/&gt;     Williams BS, 2006, ELECTRON LETT, V42, P89, DOI 10.1049/el:20063921&lt;br/&gt;     Williams GP, 2006, REP PROG PHYS, V69, P301, DOI 10.1088/0034-4885/69/2/R01&lt;br/&gt;     Williams GP, 2008, NAT PHYS, V4, P356, DOI 10.1038/nphys958&lt;br/&gt;     Williams MRC, 2013, J PHYS CHEM B, V117, P10444, DOI 10.1021/jp406730a&lt;br/&gt;     Williams R, 2013, PHYS MED BIOL, V58, P373, DOI 10.1088/0031-9155/58/2/373&lt;br/&gt;     Withayachumnankul W, 2008, J OPT SOC AM B, V25, P1059, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.25.001059&lt;br/&gt;     Woerner M, 2013, NEW J PHYS, V15, DOI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/2/025039&lt;br/&gt;     Woodward RM, 2003, J INVEST DERMATOL, V120, P72, DOI 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12013.x&lt;br/&gt;     Wu X, OPT LETT, V39, P5403&lt;br/&gt;     Wu ZR, 2013, REV SCI INSTRUM, V84, DOI 10.1063/1.4790427&lt;br/&gt;     Xu J, 2003, PROC SPIE, V5268, P19, DOI 10.1117/12.518533&lt;br/&gt;     Yamashita M, 2011, OPT EXPRESS, V19, P10864, DOI 10.1364/OE.19.010864&lt;br/&gt;     Yan F, 2013, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V34, P489, DOI 10.1007/s10762-013-0005-4&lt;br/&gt;     Yang SH, 2014, IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN, V4, P575, DOI 10.1109/TTHZ.2014.2342505&lt;br/&gt;     Yeh KL, 2007, APPL PHYS LETT, V90, DOI 10.1063/1.2734374&lt;br/&gt;     Zamora A, 2015, IEEE MTT S INT MICR&lt;br/&gt;     Zhao JF, 2011, IEEE T ELECTRON DEV, V58, P1221, DOI 10.1109/TED.2011.2109723&lt;br/&gt;     Zheludev NI, 2012, NAT MATER, V11, P917, DOI [10.1038/NMAT3431, 10.1038/nmat3431]&lt;br/&gt;     Zhou Y, 2010, PROG ELECTROMAGN RES, V105, P71, DOI 10.2528/PIER10041806&lt;br/&gt;     Zibik EA, 2009, NAT MATER, V8, P803, DOI [10.1038/nmat2511, 10.1038/NMAT2511]&lt;br/&gt;Dhillon, S. S. Vitiello, M. S. Linfield, E. H. Davies, A. G. Hoffmann, Matthias C. Booske, John Paoloni, Claudio Gensch, M. Weightman, P. Williams, G. P. Castro-Camus, E. Cumming, D. R. S. Simoens, F. Escorcia-Carranza, I. Grant, J. Lucyszyn, Stepan Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto Konishi, Kuniaki Koch, Martin Schmuttenmaer, Charles A. Cocker, Tyler L. Huber, Rupert Markelz, A. G. Taylor, Z. D. Wallace, Vincent P. Zeitler, J. Axel Sibik, Juraj Korter, Timothy M. Ellison, B. Rea, S. Goldsmith, P. Cooper, Ken B. Appleby, Roger Pardo, D. Huggard, P. G. Krozer, V. Shams, Haymen Fice, Martyn Renaud, Cyril Seeds, Alwyn Stoehr, Andreas Naftaly, Mira Ridler, Nick Clarke, Roland Cunningham, John E. Johnston, Michael B.&lt;br/&gt;Huggard, Peter/U-2150-2019; Konishi, Kuniaki/AAN-3624-2020; Zeitler, J. Axel/B-4885-2008; Paoloni, Claudio/AAH-9824-2019; Hoffmann, Matthias C./N-1082-2019; Wallace, Vincent P/A-9320-2012; Johnston, Michael/B-9813-2008; Castro-Camus, Enrique/V-6861-2019; Krozer, Viktor/P-5623-2014; Hoffmann, Matthias C/B-3893-2009; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/AAA-3211-2020; Gonokami, Makoto/F-3641-2012; Shams, Haymen/H-3754-2012; Ridler, Nick/AAN-9637-2020; Huber, Rupert/N-4126-2018&lt;br/&gt;Konishi, Kuniaki/0000-0003-2389-9787; Zeitler, J. Axel/0000-0002-4958-0582; Hoffmann, Matthias C./0000-0002-3596-9853; Wallace, Vincent P/0000-0003-3814-5400; Johnston, Michael/0000-0002-0301-8033; Krozer, Viktor/0000-0002-2387-1947; Hoffmann, Matthias C/0000-0002-3596-9853; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/0000-0002-0265-0862; Shams, Haymen/0000-0002-5333-6478; Huber, Rupert/0000-0001-6617-9283; Davies, Alexander/0000-0002-1987-4846; Seeds, Alwyn/0000-0002-5228-627X; Castro-Camus, Enrique/0000-0002-8218-9155; Cunningham, John/0000-0002-1805-9743; Naftaly, Mira/0000-0002-0671-822X; Cumming, David/0000-0002-7838-8362&lt;br/&gt;Engineering and Physical Sciences Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Engineering &amp; Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P015883/1, EP/M00306X/1, EP/K023349/1, EP/M017095/1, EP/L026597/1, EP/J017671/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Natural Environment Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)NERC Natural Environment Research Council [NER/Z/S/2003/00642, NE/L012375/1, NER/Z/S/2000/01292] Funding Source: researchfish; Science and Technology Facilities CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Science &amp; Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/P002056/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Direct For Biological SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Biological InfrastructureNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Molecular and Cellular BioscienceNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1616529] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;566&lt;br/&gt;30&lt;br/&gt;462&lt;br/&gt;Iop publishing ltd&lt;br/&gt;Bristol&lt;br/&gt;1361-6463</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">043001</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Dhillon, S. S.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ,CNRS,Lab Pierre Aigrain, Sorbonne Paris Cite,Ecole Normale Super,PSL Res U, F-75231 Paris, France. [Vitiello, M. S.] CNR, Ist Nanosci, NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Vitiello, M. S.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Linfield, E. H.|Davies, A. G.|Cunningham, John E.] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Hoffmann, Matthias C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Booske, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect &amp; Comp Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Paoloni, Claudio] Univ Lancaster, Dept Engn, Lancaster, England. [Gensch, M.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Radiat Phys, Bautzner Landstr 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. [Weightman, P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Williams, G. P.] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave Suite 21, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Castro-Camus, E.] Ctr Invest Opt AC, Loma Bosque 115, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. [Cumming, D. R. S.|Escorcia-Carranza, I.|Grant, J.] Glasgow, Sch Engn, Microsyst Technol Grp, Glasgow G12 8LT, Lanark, Scotland. [Simoens, F.] CEA Leti MINATEC, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Lucyszyn, Stepan] Imperial Coll London, Dept EEE, Ctr Terahertz Sci &amp; Engn, London, England. [Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto|Konishi, Kuniaki] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Fac Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Energy Sci Inst, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Cocker, Tyler L.|Huber, Rupert] Univ Regensburg, Inst Expt &amp; Angew Phys, Univ Str 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Markelz, A. G.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14620 USA. [Taylor, Z. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Wallace, Vincent P.] Univ Western Australia M013, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Zeitler, J. Axel|Sibik, Juraj] Magnet Resonance Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn, JJ Thompson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Korter, Timothy M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, 1-014 CST,111 Coll Pl, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Ellison, B.|Rea, S.|Pardo, D.|Huggard, P. G.] RAL Space, STFC, Millimetre Wave Technol Grp, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Goldsmith, P.] Jet Prop Lab, M-S 180-703,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Cooper, Ken B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Appleby, Roger] Innovasec Ltd, 212b West Malvern Rd, Malvern WR14 4BA, Worcs, England. [Krozer, V.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt Main, Goethe Leibniz Terahertz Ctr, D-60323 Frankfurt, Germany. [Shams, Haymen|Fice, Martyn|Renaud, Cyril|Seeds, Alwyn] UCL, Dept Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England. [Stoehr, Andreas] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Engn, Dept Optoelect, Lotharstr 55, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Naftaly, Mira|Ridler, Nick] Natl Phys Lab, Div Time Quantum &amp; Electromagnet, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. [Clarke, Roland] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Johnston, Michael B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;Cunningham, JE (corresponding author), Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.|Johnston, MB (corresponding author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;enrique@cio.mx|david.cumming.2@glasgow.ac.uk|J.E.Cunningham@leeds.ac.uk|michael.johnston@physics.ox.ac.uk</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguilar, R. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stier, A. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilbro, L. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bansal, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oh, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armitage, N. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Response and Colossal Kerr Rotation from the Surface States of the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys. Rev. Lett.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bi2te3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-9007</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We report the THz response of thin films of the topological insulator Bi2Se3. At low frequencies, transport is essentially thickness independent showing the dominant contribution of the surface electrons. Despite their extended exposure to ambient conditions, these surfaces exhibit robust properties including narrow, almost thickness-independent Drude peaks, and an unprecedentedly large polarization rotation of linearly polarized light reflected in an applied magnetic field. This Kerr rotation can be as large as 65 degrees and can be explained by a cyclotron resonance effect of the surface states.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000300576000025</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 896NY&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 164&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 35&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Akhmerov AR, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V102, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.216404&lt;br/&gt;     Alpichshev Z, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V104, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.016401&lt;br/&gt;     Analytis JG, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.205407&lt;br/&gt;     Bansal N., ARXIV11045709&lt;br/&gt;     Benia HM, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.177602&lt;br/&gt;     Bianchi M, 2010, NAT COMMUN, V1, DOI 10.1038/ncomms1131&lt;br/&gt;     Butch NP, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.241301&lt;br/&gt;     Chen J, 2011, PHYS REV B, V83, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.241304&lt;br/&gt;     Chen YL, 2009, SCIENCE, V325, P178, DOI 10.1126/science.1173034&lt;br/&gt;     Essin AM, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V102, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.146805&lt;br/&gt;     Eto K, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.195309&lt;br/&gt;     Fu L, 2007, PHYS REV B, V76, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.045302&lt;br/&gt;     Fu L, 2008, PHYS REV LETT, V100, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096407&lt;br/&gt;     Hsieh D, 2008, NATURE, V452, P970, DOI 10.1038/nature06843&lt;br/&gt;     Hsieh D, 2009, NATURE, V460, P1101, DOI 10.1038/nature08234&lt;br/&gt;     Jenkins GS, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.125120&lt;br/&gt;     King PDC, 2011, PHYS REV LETT, V107, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.096802&lt;br/&gt;     LaForge AD, 2010, PHYS REV B, V81, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.125120&lt;br/&gt;     Lan YP, 2011, PHYS REV B, V83, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.205109&lt;br/&gt;     Maciejko J, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V105, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.166803&lt;br/&gt;     Moore JE, 2007, PHYS REV B, V75, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.121306&lt;br/&gt;     Qi XL, 2008, PHYS REV B, V78, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.195424&lt;br/&gt;     Qu DX, 2010, SCIENCE, V329, P821, DOI 10.1126/science.1189792&lt;br/&gt;     Roushan P, 2009, NATURE, V460, P1106, DOI 10.1038/nature08308&lt;br/&gt;     Roy R, 2009, PHYS REV B, V79, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.195322&lt;br/&gt;     Steinberg H, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.233101&lt;br/&gt;     Sushkov AB, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.125110&lt;br/&gt;     THOULESS DJ, 1982, PHYS REV LETT, V49, P405, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.405&lt;br/&gt;     Tkachov G, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.035405&lt;br/&gt;     Tse WK, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.161104&lt;br/&gt;     Tse WK, 2010, PHYS REV LETT, V105, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.057401&lt;br/&gt;     VONKLITZING K, 1980, PHYS REV LETT, V45, P494, DOI 10.1103/physrevlett.45.494&lt;br/&gt;     Xia Y, 2009, NAT PHYS, V5, P398, DOI 10.1038/NPHYS1274&lt;br/&gt;     Xiong J., PHYSICA A E IN PRESS&lt;br/&gt;     Zhang XA, 2010, PHYS REV B, V82, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.245107&lt;br/&gt;Aguilar, R. Valdes Stier, A. V. Liu, W. Bilbro, L. S. George, D. K. Bansal, N. Wu, L. Cerne, J. Markelz, A. G. Oh, S. Armitage, N. P.&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/J-9882-2014; Aguilar, Rolando Valdes/A-6637-2012; Liu, Wei/H-5999-2012; Wu, Liang/C-8715-2015&lt;br/&gt;George, Deepu/0000-0003-0021-0705; Aguilar, Rolando Valdes/0000-0002-4321-4792; Wu, Liang/0000-0003-1696-7809; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;&quot;Institute for Quantum Matter&quot; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER46544]; Gordon and Betty Moore FoundationGordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [MRI-R2 0959989, DMR-1006078, DMR-0845464]; IAMDN of Rutgers University; ONROffice of Naval Research [N000140910749]; Division Of Materials ResearchNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Mathematical &amp; Physical Sciences (MPS) [0845464] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;The authors would like to thank H. D. Drew, J. Hancock, Z. Hao, G. S. Jenkins, A. Kuzmenko, A. MacDonald, N. A. Mecholsky, A. J. Pearson, O. Tchernyshyov, W-K. Tse, and Y. Wan for helpful discussions and/or correspondences. Support for the measurements at JHU was provided under the auspices of the &quot;Institute for Quantum Matter&quot; DOE DE-FG02-08ER46544 and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The work at UB was supported by NSF MRI-R2 0959989 and NSF DMR-1006078. The work at Rutgers was supported by IAMDN of Rutgers University, NSF DMR-0845464 and ONR N000140910749.&lt;br/&gt;166&lt;br/&gt;3&lt;br/&gt;157&lt;br/&gt;Amer physical soc&lt;br/&gt;College pk</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">087403</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Aguilar, R. Valdes|Stier, A. V.|Liu, W.|Bilbro, L. S.|Wu, L.|Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Aguilar, R. Valdes|Stier, A. V.|Liu, W.|Bilbro, L. S.|Wu, L.|Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stier, A. V.|George, D. K.|Cerne, J.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Bansal, N.|Oh, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Aguilar, RV (corresponding author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.&lt;br/&gt;rvaldes@pha.jhu.edu|npa@pha.jhu.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ye, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J.-Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cheon, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luo, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrafast Carriers Dynamics in GaSb/Mn Random Alloys</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vienna Austria</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolpert, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korolev, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachs, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cox, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moeckly, B.H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Direct measurements of optical phonons in SrTiO3 nanosystems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferroelectrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finite size</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mode softening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phonons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strontium titanate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003/07/01/</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386947703003059</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236 - 239</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1386-9477</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We use terahertz time domain spectroscopy to examine finite size effects on the optical phonon modes in SrTiO3 thin films. In temperature-dependent measurements we find a near absence of mode softening in the TO1 phonon frequency. Furthermore we see an increase in the soft mode frequency with reduced thickness. Both of these results correlate well with the reduced dielectric response observed for nanoscale ferroelectric systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Wolpert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Cox</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Cerne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Markelz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. Zhao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Ramesh</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romanowicz M.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finite size effects in ferroelectric nanosystems: Absence of mode softening</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003 Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show - Nanotech</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferroelectric materials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequency ranges</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lead compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mode softening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nanostructured materials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural frequencies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optical modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Permittivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phase transitions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phonons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Routers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thermal effects</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2003</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Francisco, CA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76-81</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0972842209</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We present measurements of the mode softening behavior for PbZr 0.5Ti0.5O3 (PZT(50)) thin films using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (TTDS). The films were grown using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) techniques on silicon substrates to study how reduced size affects the mode softening behavior. At room temperature two modes are observed at 1.1 THz (37 cm-1) and at 2.3 THz (77 cm-1). As the temperature is increased toward Tc we do not see strong mode softening, but rather a spectral weight transfer from the high frequency mode to the low frequency mode. This absence of mode softening is more dramatic than that reported by other investigators[1]. We will discuss the possible sources for this discrepancy. These results suggest a change in lattice dynamics for nanoscale ferroelectric films that may be highly dependent on the sample preparation technique.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cited By 0</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, S. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolpert, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galan, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, R. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein flexibility and conformational state: A comparison of collective vibrational modes of wild-type and D96N bacteriorhodopsin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophys. J.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">angstrom resolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dna</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">films</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">harmonic-analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inelastic neutron-scattering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">large systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mixed basis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">normal-modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">purple membranes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">structural-changes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transform infrared-spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1269-1277</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Far infrared ( FIR) spectral measurements of wild-type (WT) and D96N mutant bacteriorhodopsin thin films have been carried out using terahertz time domain spectroscopy as a function of hydration, temperature, and conformational state. The results are compared to calculated spectra generated via normal mode analyses using CHARMM. We find that the FIR absorbance is slowly increasing with frequency and without strong narrow features over the range of 2-60 cm(-1) and up to a resolution of 0.17 cm(-1). The broad absorption shifts in frequency with decreasing temperature as expected with a strongly anharmonic potential and in agreement with neutron inelastic scattering results. Decreasing hydration shifts the absorption to higher frequencies, possibly resulting from decreased coupling mediated by the interior water molecules. Ground-state FIR absorbances have nearly identical frequency dependence, with the mutant having less optical density than the WT. In the M state, the FIR absorbance of the WT increases whereas there is no change for D96N. These results represent the first measurement of FIR absorbance change as a function of conformational state.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000184428300052</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 705ZZ&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 117&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 55&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     AUSTIN RH, 1975, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V14, P5355, DOI 10.1021/bi00695a021&lt;br/&gt;     Birge RR, 1996, J PHYS CHEM-US, V100, P9990, DOI 10.1021/jp953669e&lt;br/&gt;     BOUSCHE O, 1992, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V56, P1085, DOI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb09732.x&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1983, J COMPUT CHEM, V4, P187, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540040211&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1995, J COMPUT CHEM, V16, P1522, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540161209&lt;br/&gt;     Brooks CL, 1988, PROTEINS THEORETICAL&lt;br/&gt;     Brucherseifer M, 2000, APPL PHYS LETT, V77, P4049, DOI 10.1063/1.1332415&lt;br/&gt;     Chen Q, 2001, J OPT SOC AM B, V18, P823, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.18.000823&lt;br/&gt;     DENCHER NA, 1989, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V86, P7876, DOI 10.1073/pnas.86.20.7876&lt;br/&gt;     Der A, 2001, BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW+, V66, P1234, DOI 10.1023/A:1013179101782&lt;br/&gt;     Diehl M, 1997, BIOPHYS J, V73, P2726, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(97)78301-2&lt;br/&gt;     DOSTER W, 1989, NATURE, V337, P754, DOI 10.1038/337754a0&lt;br/&gt;     FERRAND M, 1993, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V90, P9668, DOI 10.1073/pnas.90.20.9668&lt;br/&gt;     GENZEL L, 1984, SPECTROSCOPY BIOL MO, P609&lt;br/&gt;     GRISCHKOWSKY D, 1991, OSA PROC, V9, P9&lt;br/&gt;     Guilbert C, 1996, CHEM PHYS, V204, P327, DOI 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00293-6&lt;br/&gt;     Han PY, 2000, OPT LETT, V25, P242, DOI 10.1364/OL.25.000242&lt;br/&gt;     Hinsen K, 1998, PROTEINS, V33, P417, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(19981115)33:3&lt;417::AID-PROT10&gt;3.0.CO;2-8&lt;br/&gt;     JANEZIC D, 1995, J COMPUT CHEM, V16, P1543, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540161210&lt;br/&gt;     Kusnetzow A, 1999, BIOPHYS J, V76, P2370, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(99)77394-7&lt;br/&gt;     Lanyi JK, 1999, INT REV CYTOL, V187, P161, DOI 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62418-3&lt;br/&gt;     Lanyi JK, 2001, TRENDS BIOTECHNOL, V19, P140, DOI 10.1016/S0167-7799(01)01576-1&lt;br/&gt;     LINDSAY SM, 1988, BIOPOLYMERS, V27, P1015, DOI 10.1002/bip.360270610&lt;br/&gt;     Lisy V, 1997, J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN, V14, P517, DOI 10.1080/07391102.1997.10508150&lt;br/&gt;     LONGBOTTOM C, 2002, POTENTIAL USES TERAH&lt;br/&gt;     Luecke H, 1999, SCIENCE, V286, P255, DOI 10.1126/science.286.5438.255&lt;br/&gt;     Luecke H, 1999, J MOL BIOL, V291, P899, DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3027&lt;br/&gt;     MacKerell AD, 1998, J PHYS CHEM B, V102, P3586, DOI 10.1021/jp973084f&lt;br/&gt;     Markelz AG, 2000, CHEM PHYS LETT, V320, P42, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2614(00)00227-X&lt;br/&gt;     MCINTOSH AR, 1991, BIOPHYS J, V60, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(91)82025-2&lt;br/&gt;     MOUAWAD L, 1993, BIOPOLYMERS, V33, P599, DOI 10.1002/bip.360330409&lt;br/&gt;     Mouawad L, 1996, J MOL BIOL, V258, P393, DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0257&lt;br/&gt;     Nagel M, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P154, DOI 10.1063/1.1428619&lt;br/&gt;     Oesterhelt D, 1974, Methods Enzymol, V31, P667&lt;br/&gt;     Palmo K, 1998, J COMPUT CHEM, V19, P754, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-987X(199805)19:7&lt;754::AID-JCC6&gt;3.0.CO;2-P&lt;br/&gt;     PERAHIA D, 1995, COMPUT CHEM, V19, P241, DOI 10.1016/0097-8485(95)00011-G&lt;br/&gt;     Person W.B., 1982, VIBRATIONAL INTENSIT&lt;br/&gt;     Polavarapu P. L., 1998, VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA&lt;br/&gt;     POWELL JW, 1991, J MOL STRUCT, V247, P107, DOI 10.1016/0022-2860(91)87067-R&lt;br/&gt;     POWELL JW, 1987, PHYS REV A, V35, P3929, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevA.35.3929&lt;br/&gt;     Ren L, 2001, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V40, P13906, DOI 10.1021/bi0116487&lt;br/&gt;     ROITBERG A, 1995, SCIENCE, V268, P1319, DOI 10.1126/science.7539156&lt;br/&gt;     Sass HJ, 1997, EMBO J, V16, P1484, DOI 10.1093/emboj/16.7.1484&lt;br/&gt;     Stuart JA, 1996, BIOMEMBR A&amp;B, V2, P33&lt;br/&gt;     Urabe H, 1998, BIOPHYS J, V74, P1533, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77865-8&lt;br/&gt;     VARO G, 1983, BIOPHYS J, V43, P47, DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(83)84322-7&lt;br/&gt;     Walther M, 2000, CHEM PHYS LETT, V332, P389, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2614(00)01271-9&lt;br/&gt;     WEIDLICH T, 1990, BIOPOLYMERS, V30, P477, DOI 10.1002/bip.360300324&lt;br/&gt;     WEIDLICH T, 1990, J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN, V8, P139, DOI 10.1080/07391102.1990.10507795&lt;br/&gt;     WEIDLICH T, 1987, BIOPOLYMERS, V26, P439, DOI 10.1002/bip.360260310&lt;br/&gt;     WEIDLICH T, 1988, J PHYS CHEM-US, V92, P6475&lt;br/&gt;     WITTLIN A, 1986, PHYS REV A, V34, P493, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevA.34.493&lt;br/&gt;     Woolard DL, 1997, J APPL TOXICOL, V17, P243, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199707)17:4&lt;243::AID-JAT436&gt;3.0.CO;2-6&lt;br/&gt;     Xie AH, 2002, PHYS REV LETT, V88, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.018102&lt;br/&gt;     Zaccai G, 2000, SCIENCE, V288, P1604, DOI 10.1126/science.288.5471.1604&lt;br/&gt;Whitmire, SE Wolpert, D Markelz, AG Hillebrecht, JR Galan, J Birge, RR&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCESUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548, R01GM034548] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER; NIGMS NIH HHSUnited States Department of Health &amp; Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R01 GM034548, R01 GM034548-15] Funding Source: Medline&lt;br/&gt;122&lt;br/&gt;3&lt;br/&gt;31&lt;br/&gt;Cell press&lt;br/&gt;Cambridge&lt;br/&gt;1542-0086</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol &amp; Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;amarkelz@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, S. E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Applications to Biomolecular Sensing</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0129156403002101</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">951-967</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, Scott E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz applications to biomolecular sensing</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">951-967</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0129-1564</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J.-Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, S. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, R. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrafast THz spectroscopy of photoactive biomolecules</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors VII</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2003</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Jose, California</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">146-153</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, Scott</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, Jay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, Robert</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THz time domain spectroscopy of biomolecular conformational modes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3797</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-9155</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitmire, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillebrecht, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birge, R. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Time domain spectroscopy of the M intermediate state of Bacteriorhodopsin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2001</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toulouse, France</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">345-348</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanke, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unterrainer, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allen, S. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhatt, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Third Harmonic Generation in a Gaas/Algaas Superlattice in the Bloch Oscillator Regime</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hot Carriers in Semiconductors</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781461380351</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plenum Press</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York, NY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eds. Hess, Karl, Leburton, J.P., Ravaioli, U.</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">161-163</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craig, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galdrikian, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heyman, J. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams, J. B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campman, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopkins, P. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gossard, A. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Undressing a collective intersubband excitation in a quantum well</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar 25</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2382-2385</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-9007</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We have experimentally measured the 1-2 intersubband absorption in a single 40 nm wide modulation-doped Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs square quantum well as a function of frequency, intensity, and charge density. The low-intensity depolarization-shifted absorption occurs near 80 cm(-1) (10 meV or 2.4 THz), nearly 30% higher than the intersubband spacing. At higher intensities, the absorption peak shifts to lower frequencies. Our data are in good agreement with a theory proposed by Zaluzny, which attributes the redshift to a reduction in the depolarization shift as the excited subband becomes populated.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1996UB14800044</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherwin, Mark S/Q-4762-2017&lt;br/&gt;Sherwin, Mark S/0000-0002-3869-1893; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;78</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanke, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unterrainer, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allen, S. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhatt, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Third harmonic generation in a GaAs/AlGaAs Superlattice in the Bloch Oscillator Regime</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the International Conference on Hot Carriers in Seminconductors</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/1995</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chicago, IL</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">161-163</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huitgren, C. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nickel, J. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamilton, J. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarty, K. F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Site-selective oxygen-isotope substitution in YBa2Cu3O7−δ</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1991</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.44.9556</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We report selective substitution of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 isotopes into the inequivalent oxygen lattice sites in &lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-4-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-27&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-28&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-29&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-30&quot; class=&quot;mjx-msub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-base&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-31&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-32&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;YBa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-sub&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: -0.212em; padding-right: 0.071em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-33&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-34&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-5-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-35&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-36&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-37&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-38&quot; class=&quot;mjx-msub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-base&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-39&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-40&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;Cu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-sub&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: -0.212em; padding-right: 0.071em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-41&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-42&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-6-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-43&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-44&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-45&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-46&quot; class=&quot;mjx-msub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-base&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-47&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-48&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-sub&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: -0.242em; padding-right: 0.071em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-49&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-50&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-51&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.27em; padding-bottom: 0.404em;&quot;&gt;−&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-52&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.471em; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-right: 0.007em;&quot;&gt;δ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. The technique involves gas-phase diffusion and exploits the site dependence of diffusion rates. The &lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-7-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-53&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-54&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-55&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-56&quot; class=&quot;mjx-msub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-base&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-57&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-58&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;CuO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-sub&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: -0.212em; padding-right: 0.071em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-59&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-60&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-plane [O(2),O(3)] sites of &lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-8-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-61&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-62&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-63&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-64&quot; class=&quot;mjx-msub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-base&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-65&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-66&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;YBa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-sub&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: -0.212em; padding-right: 0.071em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-67&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-68&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-9-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-69&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-70&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-71&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-72&quot; class=&quot;mjx-msub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-base&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-73&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-74&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;Cu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-sub&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: -0.212em; padding-right: 0.071em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-75&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-76&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-10-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-77&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-78&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-79&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-80&quot; class=&quot;mjx-msub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-base&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-81&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-82&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-sub&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%; vertical-align: -0.242em; padding-right: 0.071em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-83&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-84&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-85&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.27em; padding-bottom: 0.404em;&quot;&gt;−&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-86&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.471em; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-right: 0.007em;&quot;&gt;δ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; can be filled with &lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-11-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-87&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-88&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-89&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-90&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mmultiscripts&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-prestack&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: -0.247em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-presup&quot; style=&quot;padding-bottom: 0.671em; padding-left: 0.05em; padding-right: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-94&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-95&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-97&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-91&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-92&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; while the apical [O(4)] and CuO-chain sites [O(1)] contain &lt;span class=&quot;aps-inline-formula&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MathJax-Element-12-Frame&quot; class=&quot;mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-98&quot; class=&quot;mjx-math&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-99&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-100&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-101&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mmultiscripts&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-prestack&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: -0.247em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-presup&quot; style=&quot;padding-bottom: 0.671em; padding-left: 0.05em; padding-right: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-105&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-106&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-108&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 70.7%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-102&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mrow&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;MJXc-Node-103&quot; class=&quot;mjx-mi&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R&quot; style=&quot;padding-top: 0.404em; padding-bottom: 0.337em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (the opposite distribution can also be made). The site-selective isotope occupation has been confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Our method will permit experiments to determine the contributions of the different oxygen sites to the isotope effect, in order to locate the pairing interaction within the unit cell.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9556</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nickel, J. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheven, U. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hultgren, C. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heaney, P. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veblen, D. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hazen, R. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8 NEW HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS WITH THE 1-2-4 STRUCTURE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7347-7350</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0163-1829</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1989T985500074</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheven, Ulrich/D-7582-2013&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319; Scheven, Ulrich/0000-0001-8111-0081&lt;br/&gt;B&lt;br/&gt;241</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hultgren, C. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmar, N. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nickel, J. H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OXYGEN CONCENTRATION EFFECT ON TC OF THE BI-CA-SR-CU-O SUPERCONDUCTOR</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1989</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6612-6614</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0163-1829</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1989T985400040</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A&lt;br/&gt;155</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuroda, R. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nickel, J. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SMALL OXYGEN ISOTOPE SHIFT IN YBA2CU3O7</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1988</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5936-5939</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0163-1829</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1988M824000089</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;B&lt;br/&gt;74</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fisher, R. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lacy, S. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phillips, N. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ginley, D. S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPECIFIC-HEAT MEASUREMENTS ON SUPERCONDUCTING BI-CA-SR-CU AND TL-CA-BA-CU OXIDES - ABSENCE OF A LINEAR TERM IN THE SPECIFIC-HEAT OF BI-CA-SR-CU OXIDES</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1988</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dec 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11942-11945</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0163-1829</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:A1988R274300075</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fisher, Robert Anthony/H-6779-2019&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;B&lt;br/&gt;68</style></notes></record></records></xml>