<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mukherjee, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seo, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arik, M. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, C. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirzhner, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, D. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armitage, N. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koren, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, J. Y. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linear dichroism infrared resonance in overdoped, underdoped, and optimally doped cuprate superconductors</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Review B</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phys. Rev. B</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Materials Science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2469-9950</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;By measuring the polarization changes in terahertz, infrared, and visible radiation over an extended energy range (3-2330 meV), we observe symmetry breaking in cuprate high-temperature superconductors over wide energy, doping, and temperature ranges. We measure the polarization rotation (Re[theta(F)]) and ellipticity (Im[theta(F)]) of transmitted radiation through thin films as the sample is rotated. We observe a twofold rotational symmetry in theta(F), which is associated with linear dichroism (LD) and occurs when electromagnetic radiation polarized along one direction is absorbed more strongly than radiation polarized in the perpendicular direction. Such polarization anisotropies can be generally associated with symmetry breakings. We measure the amplitude of the LD signal and study its temperature, energy, and doping dependence. The LD signal shows a resonant behavior with a peak in the few hundred meV range, which is coincident with the midinfrared optical feature that has been associated with the formation of the pseudogap state. The strongest LD signal is found in underdoped films, although it is also observed in optimally and overdoped samples. The LD signal is consistent with an electronic nematic order which is decoupled from the crystallographic axes as well as novel magnetoelectric effects.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000562627700004</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: NE5GO&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 0&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 30&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Acbas G, 2009, PHYS REV LETT, V103, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.137201&lt;br/&gt;     Armitage NP, 2014, PHYS REV B, V90, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.035135&lt;br/&gt;     Arpaia R, 2018, PHY REV MATER, V2, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.024804&lt;br/&gt;     Basov DN, 2005, REV MOD PHYS, V77, P721, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.77.721&lt;br/&gt;     Blumberg G, 1996, PHYS REV B, V53, P11930, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.R11930&lt;br/&gt;     Cerne J, 2000, PHYS REV LETT, V84, P3418, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3418&lt;br/&gt;     Fauque B, 2006, PHYS REV LETT, V96, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.197001&lt;br/&gt;     Fridman I, 2011, PHYS REV B, V84, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.104522&lt;br/&gt;     George DK, 2012, J OPT SOC AM B, V29, P1406, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.29.001406&lt;br/&gt;     Halperin B. 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Seo, J. Arik, M. M. Zhang, H. Zhang, C. C. Kirzhner, T. George, D. K. Markelz, A. G. Armitage, N. P. Koren, G. Wei, J. Y. T. Cerne, J.&lt;br/&gt;NSF-DMR GrantNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1410599]; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [MCB 1616529, DMR 1905519]; DOEUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0016317]; NSERCNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); CFI-OITCanada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Institute for Advanced ResearchCanadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)&lt;br/&gt;We are indebted to D. Hsieh, S. A. Kivelson, C. M. Varma, and L. Zhao for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge support from NSF-DMR Grant No. 1410599 (J.C.). A.G.M. and D.K.G. were supported by NSF Grant No. MCB 1616529 and DOE Grant No. DE-SC0016317. Work in Toronto was supported by NSERC, CFI-OIT, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. J.Y.T.W. thanks Kejun Xu for laboratory assistance in Toronto. N.P.A. was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR 1905519.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;9&lt;br/&gt;Amer physical soc&lt;br/&gt;College pk&lt;br/&gt;2469-9969</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">054520</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Mukherjee, A.|Seo, J.|Arik, M. M.|George, D. K.|Markelz, A. G.|Cerne, J.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Zhang, H.|Zhang, C. C.|Wei, J. Y. T.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Kirzhner, T.|Koren, G.] Technion, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys &amp; Astron, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Mukherjee, A (corresponding author), Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhillon, S. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitiello, M. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linfield, E. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Booske, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paoloni, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gensch, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weightman, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams, G. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro-Camus, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cumming, D. R. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simoens, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escorcia-Carranza, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grant, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucyszyn, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuwata-Gonokami, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konishi, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koch, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmuttenmaer, C. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cocker, T. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huber, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor, Z. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallace, V. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeitler, J. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sibik, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korter, T. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellison, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rea, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goldsmith, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooper, K. 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G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krozer, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shams, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fice, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renaud, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeds, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stohr, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naftaly, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridler, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cunningham, J. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnston, M. B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The 2017 terahertz science and technology roadmap</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Physics D-Applied Physics</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ex-vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">generation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metal wave-guides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">near-field</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photoconductive emitters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quantum-cascade lasers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semiconductors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time-domain spectroscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0022-3727</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Science and technologies based on terahertz frequency electromagnetic radiation (100 GHz-30 THz) have developed rapidly over the last 30 years. For most of the 20th Century, terahertz radiation, then referred to as sub-millimeter wave or far-infrared radiation, was mainly utilized by astronomers and some spectroscopists. Following the development of laser based terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in the 1980s and 1990s the field of THz science and technology expanded rapidly, to the extent that it now touches many areas from fundamental science to &#039;real world&#039; applications. For example THz radiation is being used to optimize materials for new solar cells, and may also be a key technology for the next generation of airport security scanners. While the field was emerging it was possible to keep track of all new developments, however now the field has grown so much that it is increasingly difficult to follow the diverse range of new discoveries and applications that are appearing. At this point in time, when the field of THz science and technology is moving from an emerging to a more established and interdisciplinary field, it is apt to present a roadmap to help identify the breadth and future directions of the field. The aim of this roadmap is to present a snapshot of the present state of THz science and technology in 2017, and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds. To be able to achieve this aim, we have invited a group of international experts to write 18 sections that cover most of the key areas of THz science and technology. We hope that The 2017 Roadmap on THz science and technology will prove to be a useful resource by providing a wide ranging introduction to the capabilities of THz radiation for those outside or just entering the field as well as providing perspective and breadth for those who are well established. We also feel that this review should serve as a useful guide for government and funding agencies.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000392153700001</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: EI0HL&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 541&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 209&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Adam AJL, 2011, J INFRARED MILLIM TE, V32, P976, DOI 10.1007/s10762-011-9809-2&lt;br/&gt;     Ahmed SS, 2012, IEEE MICROW MAG, V13, P26, DOI 10.1109/MMM.2012.2205772&lt;br/&gt;     Alliance N., 2015, CISC VIS NETW IND GL, P1&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2013, 178512012 IEEE&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2014, IEEE T ELECT DEVICES, V61&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2012, 178522016 IEEE&lt;br/&gt;     [Anonymous], 2015, P17852 IEEE&lt;br/&gt;     Appleby R, 2015, P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS, V9462&lt;br/&gt;     Arnone DD, 1999, PROC SPIE, V3828, P209, DOI 10.1117/12.361037&lt;br/&gt;     Ashworth PC, 2009, OPT EXPRESS, V17, P12444, DOI 10.1364/OE.17.012444&lt;br/&gt;     AUSTON DH, 1988, IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT, V24, P184, DOI 10.1109/3.114&lt;br/&gt;     Barbieri S, 2011, NAT PHOTONICS, V5, P306, DOI [10.1038/NPHOTON.2011.49, 10.1038/nphoton.2011.49]&lt;br/&gt;     Barker RJ., 2005, MODERN MICROWAVE MIL&lt;br/&gt;     Basov DN, 2011, REV MOD PHYS, V83, P471, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.83.471&lt;br/&gt;     Bauwens M. 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S. Vitiello, M. S. Linfield, E. H. Davies, A. G. Hoffmann, Matthias C. Booske, John Paoloni, Claudio Gensch, M. Weightman, P. Williams, G. P. Castro-Camus, E. Cumming, D. R. S. Simoens, F. Escorcia-Carranza, I. Grant, J. Lucyszyn, Stepan Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto Konishi, Kuniaki Koch, Martin Schmuttenmaer, Charles A. Cocker, Tyler L. Huber, Rupert Markelz, A. G. Taylor, Z. D. Wallace, Vincent P. Zeitler, J. Axel Sibik, Juraj Korter, Timothy M. Ellison, B. Rea, S. Goldsmith, P. Cooper, Ken B. Appleby, Roger Pardo, D. Huggard, P. G. Krozer, V. Shams, Haymen Fice, Martyn Renaud, Cyril Seeds, Alwyn Stoehr, Andreas Naftaly, Mira Ridler, Nick Clarke, Roland Cunningham, John E. Johnston, Michael B.&lt;br/&gt;Huggard, Peter/U-2150-2019; Konishi, Kuniaki/AAN-3624-2020; Zeitler, J. Axel/B-4885-2008; Paoloni, Claudio/AAH-9824-2019; Hoffmann, Matthias C./N-1082-2019; Wallace, Vincent P/A-9320-2012; Johnston, Michael/B-9813-2008; Castro-Camus, Enrique/V-6861-2019; Krozer, Viktor/P-5623-2014; Hoffmann, Matthias C/B-3893-2009; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/AAA-3211-2020; Gonokami, Makoto/F-3641-2012; Shams, Haymen/H-3754-2012; Ridler, Nick/AAN-9637-2020; Huber, Rupert/N-4126-2018&lt;br/&gt;Konishi, Kuniaki/0000-0003-2389-9787; Zeitler, J. Axel/0000-0002-4958-0582; Hoffmann, Matthias C./0000-0002-3596-9853; Wallace, Vincent P/0000-0003-3814-5400; Johnston, Michael/0000-0002-0301-8033; Krozer, Viktor/0000-0002-2387-1947; Hoffmann, Matthias C/0000-0002-3596-9853; PAOLONI, CLAUDIO/0000-0002-0265-0862; Shams, Haymen/0000-0002-5333-6478; Huber, Rupert/0000-0001-6617-9283; Davies, Alexander/0000-0002-1987-4846; Seeds, Alwyn/0000-0002-5228-627X; Castro-Camus, Enrique/0000-0002-8218-9155; Cunningham, John/0000-0002-1805-9743; Naftaly, Mira/0000-0002-0671-822X; Cumming, David/0000-0002-7838-8362&lt;br/&gt;Engineering and Physical Sciences Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Engineering &amp; Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P015883/1, EP/M00306X/1, EP/K023349/1, EP/M017095/1, EP/L026597/1, EP/J017671/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Natural Environment Research CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)NERC Natural Environment Research Council [NER/Z/S/2003/00642, NE/L012375/1, NER/Z/S/2000/01292] Funding Source: researchfish; Science and Technology Facilities CouncilUK Research &amp; Innovation (UKRI)Science &amp; Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/P002056/1] Funding Source: researchfish; Direct For Biological SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Biological InfrastructureNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1556359] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Div Of Molecular and Cellular BioscienceNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO) [1616529] Funding Source: National Science Foundation&lt;br/&gt;566&lt;br/&gt;30&lt;br/&gt;462&lt;br/&gt;Iop publishing ltd&lt;br/&gt;Bristol&lt;br/&gt;1361-6463</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">043001</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Dhillon, S. S.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ,CNRS,Lab Pierre Aigrain, Sorbonne Paris Cite,Ecole Normale Super,PSL Res U, F-75231 Paris, France. [Vitiello, M. S.] CNR, Ist Nanosci, NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Vitiello, M. S.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Linfield, E. H.|Davies, A. G.|Cunningham, John E.] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Hoffmann, Matthias C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Booske, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect &amp; Comp Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Paoloni, Claudio] Univ Lancaster, Dept Engn, Lancaster, England. [Gensch, M.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Radiat Phys, Bautzner Landstr 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. [Weightman, P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Williams, G. P.] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave Suite 21, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Castro-Camus, E.] Ctr Invest Opt AC, Loma Bosque 115, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico. [Cumming, D. R. S.|Escorcia-Carranza, I.|Grant, J.] Glasgow, Sch Engn, Microsyst Technol Grp, Glasgow G12 8LT, Lanark, Scotland. [Simoens, F.] CEA Leti MINATEC, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Lucyszyn, Stepan] Imperial Coll London, Dept EEE, Ctr Terahertz Sci &amp; Engn, London, England. [Kuwata-Gonokami, Makoto|Konishi, Kuniaki] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Fac Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Koch, Martin] Philipps Univ Marburg, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.] Yale Univ, Energy Sci Inst, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Cocker, Tyler L.|Huber, Rupert] Univ Regensburg, Inst Expt &amp; Angew Phys, Univ Str 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Markelz, A. G.] Univ Buffalo State Univ New York, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14620 USA. [Taylor, Z. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Wallace, Vincent P.] Univ Western Australia M013, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Zeitler, J. Axel|Sibik, Juraj] Magnet Resonance Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn, JJ Thompson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Korter, Timothy M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, 1-014 CST,111 Coll Pl, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Ellison, B.|Rea, S.|Pardo, D.|Huggard, P. G.] RAL Space, STFC, Millimetre Wave Technol Grp, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Goldsmith, P.] Jet Prop Lab, M-S 180-703,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Cooper, Ken B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Appleby, Roger] Innovasec Ltd, 212b West Malvern Rd, Malvern WR14 4BA, Worcs, England. [Krozer, V.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt Main, Goethe Leibniz Terahertz Ctr, D-60323 Frankfurt, Germany. [Shams, Haymen|Fice, Martyn|Renaud, Cyril|Seeds, Alwyn] UCL, Dept Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England. [Stoehr, Andreas] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Engn, Dept Optoelect, Lotharstr 55, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany. [Naftaly, Mira|Ridler, Nick] Natl Phys Lab, Div Time Quantum &amp; Electromagnet, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. [Clarke, Roland] Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Johnston, Michael B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;Cunningham, JE (corresponding author), Univ Leeds, Sch Elect &amp; Elect Engn, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.|Johnston, MB (corresponding author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.&lt;br/&gt;enrique@cio.mx|david.cumming.2@glasgow.ac.uk|J.E.Cunningham@leeds.ac.uk|michael.johnston@physics.ox.ac.uk</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">He, Yunfen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J-Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, Joseph R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zheng, Wenjun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, Andrea G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence of protein collective motions on the picosecond timescale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1058-1065</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">He,Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J.-Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zheng, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Why is THz Sensitive to Protein Functional States? Oxidation State of Cytochrome C</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz Science and Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.tstnetwork.org/10.11906/TST.149-162.2010.12.15/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We investigate the presence of structural collective motions on a picosecond time scale for the heme protein, cytochrome c, as a function of oxidation and hydration, using terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. Structural collective mode frequencies have been calculated to lie in this frequency range, and the density of states can be considered a measure of flexibility. A dramatic increase in the THz response occurs with oxidation, with the largest increase for lowest hydrations and highest frequencies. For both oxidation states the measured THz response rapidly increases with hydration saturating above ~25% (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g protein), in contrast to the rapid turn-on in dynamics observed at this hydration level for other proteins. Quasi-harmonic collective vibrational modes and dipole-dipole correlation functions are calculated from the molecular dynamics trajectories. The collective mode density of states alone reproduces the measured hydration dependence providing strong evidence of the existence of these collective motions. The large oxidation dependence is reproduced only by the dipole-dipole correlation function, indicating the contrast arises from diffusive motions consistent with structural changes occurring in the vicinity of a buried internal water molecule.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">149-162</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balu, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zukowski, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gregurick, S. K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin and rhodopsin: Similarities and differences</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical Journal</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophys. J.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bovine rhodopsin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conformational-changes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">elastic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frequency normal-modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light activation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">molecular-dynamics simulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neutron-scattering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">protein-coupled receptors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transmembrane helices</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">vibrational-modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wild-type</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3217-3226</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3495</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We studied the low-frequency terahertz spectroscopy of two photoactive protein systems, rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin, as a means to characterize collective low-frequency motions in helical transmembrane proteins. From this work, we found that the nature of the vibrational motions activated by terahertz radiation is surprisingly similar between these two structurally similar proteins. Specifically, at the lowest frequencies probed, the cytoplasmic loop regions of the proteins are highly active; and at the higher terahertz frequencies studied, the extracellular loop regions of the protein systems become vibrationally activated. In the case of bacteriorhodopsin, the calculated terahertz spectra are compared with the experimental terahertz signature. This work illustrates the importance of terahertz spectroscopy to identify vibrational degrees of freedom which correlate to known conformational changes in these proteins.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000254420100030</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 280IP&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 50&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 72&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     Abdulaev NG, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P12854, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.22.12854&lt;br/&gt;     Alexandrov V, 2005, PROTEIN SCI, V14, P633, DOI 10.1110/ps.04882105&lt;br/&gt;     Alexiev U, 2003, J MOL BIOL, V328, P705, DOI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00326-7&lt;br/&gt;     Altenbach C, 2001, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V40, P15493, DOI 10.1021/bi011545o&lt;br/&gt;     AMADEI A, 1993, PROTEINS, V17, P412, DOI 10.1002/prot.340170408&lt;br/&gt;     Balog E, 2004, PHYS REV LETT, V93, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.028103&lt;br/&gt;     Beck M, 1998, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V37, P7630, DOI 10.1021/bi9801560&lt;br/&gt;     Bizzarri AR, 2001, EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY, V30, P443, DOI 10.1007/s002490100167&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS B, 1983, P NATL ACAD SCI-BIOL, V80, P6571, DOI 10.1073/pnas.80.21.6571&lt;br/&gt;     BROOKS BR, 1995, J COMPUT CHEM, V16, P1522, DOI 10.1002/jcc.540161209&lt;br/&gt;     Bu ZM, 2000, J MOL BIOL, V301, P525, DOI 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3978&lt;br/&gt;     Chen JY, 2005, PHYS REV E, V72, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.040901&lt;br/&gt;     Chen Q, 2001, J OPT SOC AM B, V18, P823, DOI 10.1364/JOSAB.18.000823&lt;br/&gt;     Chung HS, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P612, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408646102&lt;br/&gt;     Crozier PS, 2003, J MOL BIOL, V333, P493, DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.045&lt;br/&gt;     Farrens DL, 1996, SCIENCE, V274, P768, DOI 10.1126/science.274.5288.768&lt;br/&gt;     Filippovich S. 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Zhang, H. Zukowski, E. Chen, J. -Y. Markelz, A. G. Gregurick, S. K.&lt;br/&gt;Zhang, Hailiang/F-8325-2010&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;52&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;27&lt;br/&gt;Cell press&lt;br/&gt;Cambridge&lt;br/&gt;1542-0086</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">[Balu, R.|Zhang, H.|Zukowski, E.|Gregurick, S. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem &amp; Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chen, J. -Y.|Markelz, A. G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Gregurick, SK (corresponding author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem &amp; Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.&lt;br/&gt;greguric@umbe.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kabir, N. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoon, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, J. Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reno, J. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sadofyev, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Y. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bird, J. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz transmission characteristics of high-mobility GaAs and InAs two-dimensional-electron-gas systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Physics Letters</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Phys. Lett.Appl. Phys. Lett.</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">field-effect transistors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photoconductivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plasma-waves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resonant detection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">subterahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0003-6951</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Frequency-dependent complex conductivity of high-mobility GaAs and InAs two-dimensional-electron-gas (2DEG) systems is studied by terahertz time domain spectroscopy. Determining the momentum relaxation time from a Drude model, the authors find a lower value than that from dc measurements, particularly at high frequencies/low temperatures. These deviations are consistent with the ratio tau(t)/tau(q,) where tau(q) is the full scattering time. This suggests that small-angle scattering leads to weaker heating of 2DEGs at low temperatures than expected from dc mobilit9y. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000240875800066</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI Document Delivery No.: 089JE&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited: 18&lt;br/&gt;Cited Reference Count: 16&lt;br/&gt;Cited References: &lt;br/&gt;     ANDO T, 1982, REV MOD PHYS, V54, P437, DOI 10.1103/RevModPhys.54.437&lt;br/&gt;     ANDO T, 1989, HIGH MAGNETIC FIELDS, V2, P164&lt;br/&gt;     Ashcroft NW, 1976, SOLID STATE PHYS, P1&lt;br/&gt;     Beard MC, 2000, PHYS REV B, V62, P15764, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.15764&lt;br/&gt;     Cerne J, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P8133, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.8133&lt;br/&gt;     COLERIDGE PT, 1991, PHYS REV B, V44, P3793, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.44.3793&lt;br/&gt;     Dorozhkin PS, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2035883&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P4637, DOI 10.1063/1.1525851&lt;br/&gt;     Knap W, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V80, P3433, DOI 10.1063/1.1473685&lt;br/&gt;     Kukushkin IV, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V86, DOI 10.1063/1.1856143&lt;br/&gt;     MADELUNG O, 1996, SEMICONDUCTORS BASIC, P109&lt;br/&gt;     MCKNIGHT SW, 1987, INFRARED PHYS, V27, P327, DOI 10.1016/0020-0891(87)90074-1&lt;br/&gt;     Peralta XG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1627, DOI 10.1063/1.1497433&lt;br/&gt;     Sadofyev YG, 2002, APPL PHYS LETT, V81, P1833, DOI 10.1063/1.1504882&lt;br/&gt;     Shaner EA, 2005, APPL PHYS LETT, V87, DOI 10.1063/1.2128057&lt;br/&gt;     ZAWADZKI W, 1974, ADV PHYS, V23, P435, DOI 10.1080/00018737400101371&lt;br/&gt;Kabir, N. A. Yoon, Y. Knab, J. R. Chen, J. -Y. Markelz, A. G. Reno, J. L. Sadofyev, Y. Johnson, S. Zhang, Y. -H. Bird, J. P.&lt;br/&gt;Bird, Jonathan P/G-4068-2010&lt;br/&gt;Bird, Jonathan P/0000-0002-6966-9007; Markelz, Andrea/0000-0003-0443-4319&lt;br/&gt;18&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;15&lt;br/&gt;Amer inst physics&lt;br/&gt;Melville</style></notes><custom7><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">132109</style></custom7><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct &amp; Semicond Phys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Elect Res, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.&lt;br/&gt;Markelz, AG (corresponding author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.&lt;br/&gt;jbird@buffalo.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolpert, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Korolev, K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachs, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knab, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cox, W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerne, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markelz, A.G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moeckly, B.H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Direct measurements of optical phonons in SrTiO3 nanosystems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferroelectrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finite size</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mode softening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phonons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strontium titanate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terahertz</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003/07/01/</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386947703003059</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236 - 239</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1386-9477</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We use terahertz time domain spectroscopy to examine finite size effects on the optical phonon modes in SrTiO3 thin films. In temperature-dependent measurements we find a near absence of mode softening in the TO1 phonon frequency. Furthermore we see an increase in the soft mode frequency with reduced thickness. Both of these results correlate well with the reduced dielectric response observed for nanoscale ferroelectric systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D. Wolpert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Cox</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Cerne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Markelz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. Zhao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Ramesh</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romanowicz M.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finite size effects in ferroelectric nanosystems: Absence of mode softening</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003 Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show - Nanotech</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferroelectric materials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequency ranges</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lead compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mode softening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nanostructured materials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural frequencies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Optical modes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Permittivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phase transitions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phonons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Routers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thermal effects</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2003</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">San Francisco, CA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76-81</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0972842209</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We present measurements of the mode softening behavior for PbZr 0.5Ti0.5O3 (PZT(50)) thin films using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (TTDS). The films were grown using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) techniques on silicon substrates to study how reduced size affects the mode softening behavior. At room temperature two modes are observed at 1.1 THz (37 cm-1) and at 2.3 THz (77 cm-1). As the temperature is increased toward Tc we do not see strong mode softening, but rather a spectral weight transfer from the high frequency mode to the low frequency mode. This absence of mode softening is more dramatic than that reported by other investigators[1]. We will discuss the possible sources for this discrepancy. These results suggest a change in lattice dynamics for nanoscale ferroelectric films that may be highly dependent on the sample preparation technique.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cited By 0</style></notes></record></records></xml>